Atelectasis

Atelectasis refers to a decrease in the volume or air content of one or more lung segments or lobe. Due to gas absorption in the alveoli, atelectasis is usually accompanied by reduced light transmission in the affected area. Adjacent structures (bronchus, pulmonary blood vessels, interstitial lungs) gather into the atelectasis, sometimes the alveolar cavity is consolidated, other lung tissues are compensated Emphysema. The collateral gas traffic between the lung lobules and segments (even the lung lobe) allows the completely blocked area to still have a certain degree of light transmission. Atelectasis can be classified as congenital or acquired. Congenital atelectasis refers to the absence of gas filling in the alveoli of a baby at birth, clinically severe dyspnea and cyanosis, and most children die of severe hypoxia after birth. Most clinically significant atelectasis is acquired, which is the focus of this chapter.