Morphological examination of bone marrow cells

Morphological examination of various cell lines of the bone marrow is performed on the human bone marrow cells for the purpose of determining the diagnosis of certain hematopoietic or non-hematopoietic diseases and assisting in the diagnosis of certain hematopoietic diseases. Basic Information Specialist classification: cardiovascular examination classification: bone marrow examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: Please pay attention to rest. Normal value (1) granulocyte system; about 50% to 60% of nuclear cells. (2) Red blood cell system: Young red blood cells account for about 20% of nuclear cells. Ratio of granule red (G/E): The percentage of granulocyte line divided by the percentage of erythroid cell line is the ratio of granule red. The reference value is 2~4:1. (3) Lymphocyte system: about 20% of nuclear cells, mainly mature lymphocytes. (4) Monocyte system; generally <4%, is a mature monocyte. (5) Plasma cell system: generally 3+~4+. Clinical significance Abnormal results: Hyperplasia is extremely active (the number of nucleated cells is significantly increased): reflecting the hyperfunction of bone marrow hematopoiesis, common in leukemia. Hyperplasia is obviously active (the number of nucleated cells is increased): it reflects the strong hematopoietic function of bone marrow and is found in various proliferative anemias. Active hyperplasia (medullary nucleated cells): reflects the bone marrow hematopoietic function is basically normal, found in normal human bone marrow. Reduced proliferation (reduced nucleated cells): reflects the reduction of bone marrow hematopoietic function, seen in aplastic anemia (chronic). Hyperplasia is significantly reduced (significant reduction in nucleated cells): reflects bone marrow hematopoietic failure, seen in aplastic anemia (acute). People who need to be examined: people who have symptoms of general anemia such as sleepiness, weakness, fatigue, fatigue, palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, vertigo, and tinnitus. Precautions When checking: 1. When applying the bone marrow fluid, the application force is appropriate, and the force is not too strong. 2. If the bone marrow fluid is not aspirated, the needle should be inserted, and the needle should be adjusted before pumping. 3. First take 0.1-0.2 ml of bone marrow fluid for smear for cytological examination. The bone marrow fluid used for cytology should not be taken too much to avoid dilution affecting the results. 4. If bone marrow cell culture or bacterial culture is required, the bone marrow fluid should be taken again after the specimens of the bone marrow cytology are taken. 5. After the bone marrow fluid used for cytology is aspirated, drip on the slide, and the tablet should be pushed quickly to avoid coagulation. The number of pushes should be determined according to the inspection needs. 6. When smearing the bone marrow fluid, the coating film should be thick and thin, and the cells should be evenly distributed. 7. If the smear is diluted by microscopy or “dry pumping”, the puncture site should be replaced and the bone marrow should be taken repeatedly. Inspection process (1) Smear observation by the naked eye: The prepared smear should be observed with the naked eye after dyeing and dyeing: 1 Determine whether the specimen is taken, whether the smear is qualified, the thickness of the coating film is thin, and there are no fat beads and bone marrow granules; 2 some blood diseases patients are not stained bone marrow The characteristics of the smear can be used as a diagnostic parameter. (2) Low power microscope observation: Observe the general situation of the specimen. The quality of the material, smear and dyeing: dyeing is an important marking process for identifying the morphology of the cells. The quality of the dyeing is related to the quality and proportion of the dye, the buffer, the dyeing time and the method. Bone marrow smears should not be stained at once, should be dyed 3 to 5, and the rest can be used for cytochemical staining. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate crowd: 1. A disease in which clotting factors such as hemophilia are severely deficient. 2. When there is inflammation, deformity or other pathological changes in the puncture site. Adverse reactions and risks No related complications or hazards.