chondroblastoma
Introduction
Introduction to chondroblastoma Chondrhoeoma (benign chondroblastoma) is a less common cartilage cartilage tumor that occurs before the end of cartilage osteogenesis. Most occur in the center of the long bones, especially in other bones other than the osteophytes, large nodules and so on. The long bones at the upper and lower ends of the femur and the upper and lower ends of the tibia are the most common sites. The incidence near the knee joint accounts for almost half of the total number of tumors. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no specific people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: anemia
Cause
Cause of chondroblastoma
Cause:
The cause of this disease is not fully understood and may be related to trauma and genetic factors.
Prevention
Chondrocyte tumor prevention
There is no effective preventive measure for this disease, pay attention to the treatment of trauma, try not to have sequelae.
Complication
Chondroblastoma complications Complications anemia
Compression of nerves, blood vessels, late dysfunction, fatigue, weight loss, anemia and other systemic symptoms.
Symptom
Symptoms of chondroblastoma common symptoms shoulder joint pain joint edema joint enlargement lung metastasis shoulder joint activity limited joint swelling and pain
More common in under 20 years old, 90% are 5 to 25 years old, more men than women, local mild pain, intermittent, can also be radiated to the adjacent parts, often after a long time to go to the doctor, Codman reports a group For 5 to 36 months, the main symptoms are pain and limited shoulder activity. Further, the upper end of the humerus is swollen, and the big nodules are tender. The disease is mostly benign, but some cases can recur after scraping, and there are malignant changes. Even the metastasis, Barnes et al reported a recurrence rate of 7 to 18%, and a malignant rate of 3.7 to 4.5%. Pulmonary metastasis is thought to be caused by a transfer after scraping, rather than a rare invasion, primary Although there are not many malignant chondroblastomas, they are definitely present. They may be spontaneous sarcomatoid changes of benign chondroblastoma or secondary to radiation therapy.
Generally, the onset is slow, the course is long, no obvious symptoms or mildness, occasional history of trauma, local pain, soreness, discomfort and activity restriction in adjacent joints, and even joint effusion, superficial suffocation, local expansion bulge And there is tenderness, the skin temperature can be increased, and the performance is benign.
Examine
Examination of chondroblastoma
X-ray examination: characteristic, the tumor is confined to the origin of the epiphysis, rarely penetrates the epiphyseal cartilage to reach the metaphysis, usually in the central or eccentric part of the bone end, oval or round lesions, often have a yin Clearly hardened margins, a small number of eccentric lesions may swell the cortex, and have a dense periosteal reaction. The whole tumor is a loosely distributed irregular calcification zone, like a multi-chamber flocculent morphology, but no obvious trabecular bone with giant cell tumor. Separation changes, unlike giant cell tumors, new bone formation outside the main cortex of the tumor, the periosteal reaction is more obvious in the long course of disease, the predilection site is the proximal femur, proximal humerus, distal femur and proximal humerus.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of chondroblastoma
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be performed based on clinical manifestations and examinations.
Differential diagnosis
(1) The tuberculosis of the long bones of the bone tuberculosis has a central type and a marginal type, and the X-ray shows bone destruction, which can form a cold abscess and collapse.
(B) chondrosarcoma is most easily confused with it, chondrosarcoma mostly occurs in adulthood, adolescents are rare, can be primary or secondary to chondroma, lesions are cartilage tissue, tumor cells in cartilage lacuna, nuclear fission is more common, can have giant Chondrocytes.
(3) Endogenous chondromas are more common in the short bones of the hands and feet, even in the long bones and the backbone. X-rays show dense calcifications, which are easily confused with osteoblastomas. It is more common in adults, and the pathology is mature cartilage tissue. The cells are sparse and the nuclei are small and consistent.
(4) Chondroblastoma and cartilage myxoid fibroma are difficult to distinguish if they exist in the same tumor at the same time.
