congenital defect of diaphragm
Introduction
Introduction to congenital defects Congenital Defect of the Diaphragm is more common in the thoracic and peritoneal hiatus, and the parasternal rupture is extremely rare. Intra-abdominal organs focus on the diagnosis of thoracic and peritoneal tears through the defect. Bochdalek first reported in 1848, more common in infants and young children, more men than women. The incidence rate accounts for 1/4000 of the live baby, and the left side accounts for 90%. The right side has less liver disease due to liver protection or the right side of the embryonic sputum is earlier than the left side. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: the incidence rate of infants and young children is about 0.03%-0.08% Susceptible people: more common in infants and young children, more men than women Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: intestinal obstruction, abdominal fissure, hiatus hernia
Cause
Congenital defect cause
Causes:
The etiology of this disease is not clear, and may have certain correlation with environmental factors, genetic factors, dietary factors, and mood and nutrition during pregnancy.
Pathogenesis:
The pathogenesis of this disease is unknown, and the reason is related to the weak or absent muscle layer of the lumbar rib triangle. Such factors are also the anatomical basis of the disease.
Prevention
Congenital defect prevention
1. Once the congenital diaphragmatic diagnosis is made, surgery should be performed as soon as possible to avoid adhesion or complicated intestinal obstruction or intestinal stenosis.
2. Keep your mind calm. Avoid anger in the spring, do not be too impatient, always keep your peace of mind.
3. Quit smoking, drink less and drink coffee. Smoking is the most vulnerable to damage to the respiratory surface barrier and induces disease onset. Tobacco, alcohol and coffee all stimulate nervous excitement. Some people want to "eliminate tension and fatigue", but actually weaken the body's disease resistance.
4. Keep away from allergens and stay away from crowded places.
5, the diet should be light and nutritious and easy to digest, eat less greasy frying and spicy food.
Complication
Congenital defect complications Complications, intestinal obstruction, abdominal fissure, hiatus hernia
Acute intestinal obstruction or intestinal stenosis, thoracoabdominal hernia, esophageal hiatus hernia and sternal sac.
Symptom
congenital defect symptoms common symptoms dyspnea breathing sounds weakened bowel sputum purpura barrel chest gastrointestinal symptoms
The disease mainly has two symptoms of respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract. Neonatal manifestations of acute dyspnea and purpura, mild respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms in children and adults (gastrointestinal symptoms manifested as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, are caused by the release of histamine and inflammatory mediators. Occasionally, tumor mast cells can also directly infiltrate the gastrointestinal tract). Barrel chest or flat belly, the respiratory sound of the affected side disappears or the bowel sounds are heard. If vomiting symptoms occur, the combined intestinal insufficiency is reversed.
Examine
Congenital defect examination
1. Chest flat film: chest flat film, also known as chest radiography. The X-ray image obtained by the film inspection is much clearer than the perspective.
2. Chest disease physical examination: Chest disease physical examination is one of the important examinations in the chest examination.
3. Lung and pleural auscultation: lung and pleural auscultation is one of the most basic and important methods in lung examination, which is of great significance for the diagnosis of lung diseases.
4. Chest CT examination: CT examination of the chest is a method of examining the chest by X-ray computed tomography (CT).
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of congenital defects
diagnosis
Can be diagnosed based on clinical symptoms and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis
It is differentiated from traumatic sputum.
