Absence of urethra and congenital urethral atresia
Introduction
Brief introduction of urethral abscess and congenital urethral atresia Urethral regurgitation and urethral atresia (urethralagenesisandatresia) are rare, and urethral atresia can be complete, partial or membranous. The urethra is completely closed, the urethra is a cord-like; some of the occlusions occur mostly in the head of the penis or the urethra of the penis; in patients with membranous atresia, men often occur in the outer urethra or posterior urethra of the penis head, and women often occur in the urethra. Outside mouth. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: urinary retention
Cause
Absence of urinary tract and etiology of congenital urethral atresia
The real cause is unknown. It may be that when the embryo is in the urethra, the epithelial tissue of the urethra does not fold back into the urethra, and the development of the urethral epithelium in the head of the penis is impaired. It may also be that the urogenital sinus membrane fails to break through and forms a membrane-like atresia. The disease is more male than female .
Prevention
Absence of urethra and prevention of congenital urethral atresia
The cause of the disease is not clear. It may be that when the embryo is in the urethra, the epithelial tissue of the urethra does not fold back into the urethra, and the development of the urethral epithelium in the head of the penis is impaired. It may also be that the urogenital sinus membrane fails to break through and forms a membrane-like atresia. . Therefore, it cannot be prevented. Early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment are of great significance for indirect prevention of this disease. Regular examination should be done during pregnancy. If the child has a tendency to develop abnormalities, chromosome screening should be done in time, and abortion should be performed in time to avoid the birth of the diseased child.
Complication
Absence of urethra and complications of congenital urethral atresia Complications, urinary retention
The prostatic urethra of the proximal valve of the male infant is dilated, the bladder neck is gradually thickened, the bladder wall is hypertrophied and expanded, the trabecular elongation and the pseudo diverticulum are formed. Most cases have different degrees of upper urinary tract dilatation and ureteral reflux, which is easy to secondary infection on the basis of obstruction and reflux, and more serious kidney damage. There are also kidney development abnormalities. The valve is often located at the ventral side of the proximal urethra at the junction of the penis and scrotum. It is a cusp, iris or half-moon shape. In addition to causing obstruction of the lower urinary tract, in severe cases, it may be secondary to urinary tract dilatation and lower urinary tract obstruction. Difficulties in urination, fine and weak urine lines, acute urinary retention, swelling of the penis roots after urination or urination, blood stains in the underwear and growth behind.
Symptom
Absence of urinary tract and congenital urethral atresia common symptoms urinary tract obstruction of bladder bulging
Due to urethral atresia, fetal fetal urine accumulation, bladder swelling, compression of umbilical blood vessels, or hydronephrosis due to urethral obstruction, kidney atrophy, death in the embryo or at birth, most of the survivors have a path of excretion, such as the umbilicus Urethral rupture, residual cloaca, bladder rectum or vaginal fistula, urethra rectum or vaginal fistula, etc., although some survived, but died soon.
Examine
Absence of urethra and examination of congenital urethral atresia
1. The lack of urethra and congenital urethral atresia mainly observe that the baby should pay attention to urinary tract urination after birth, and those who do not urinate should be examined by catheterization or urethra probe.
2. Catheter or urethral probe insertion obstruction, should be further urethral angiography or transsphenoidal bladder puncture after cystography, observe the path of urine outflow and whether there are other malformations.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of urinary tract deficiency and congenital urethral atresia
After the baby is born, attention should be paid to the observation of urinary tract urination. If the urination is not performed, the catheter or urethral probe should be examined. If the catheter or urethral probe is inserted, the urinary tract angiography or transsphenoidal bladder puncture should be performed. Observe the path of urine outflow and whether other malformations are combined.
