dwarf mycelium
Introduction
Introduction to dark filamentous mildew Phaeohyphomycosis is a group of dark-colored fungi that is characterized by dark hyphae in tissues, subcutaneous tissue or systemic infection. This name was proposed by Ajello in 1974. Dark filamentous mold has been reported in scattered cases all over the world, but it is more common in the tropics. In recent years, there have been reports of sporadic cases in Shandong, Northeast and Zhanjiang. Pathogenic pathways are mainly exogenous infections and conditional pathogenic infections. The path of infection may be the implantation or inhalation of fungal spores by pathogens through skin lesions. The clinical manifestations are shallow ulcers, ecchymoses, brownish black spots or verrucous hyperplasia, consciously itchy or mild pain, and some may have no symptoms. They are diagnosed by mycological examination and histopathological examination, and most of them are not sensitive to fungal drugs. Poor efficacy. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.002% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious complication:
Cause
Cause of dark filamentous pathogen
(1) Causes of the disease
It is a skin, subcutaneous tissue or systemic infection characterized by dark hyphae in tissues caused by dark fungi.
(two) pathogenesis
Pathogenic pathways are mainly exogenous infections and conditional pathogenic infections. The path of infection may be the implantation or inhalation of fungal spores by pathogens through skin lesions.
Prevention
Dark filament mold prevention
Note that to improve immunity, especially cellular immunity, immunomodulatory drugs can be used.
Complication
Dark filamentous mildew complications Complication
The corneal infection is characterized by bacterial or ulceration of the cornea. Subcutaneous tissue type of dark filamentous mold can be seen in the subcutaneous tissue with thin pus, and there is exudate in the cyst. If the cyst wall is incompletely removed, the sinus is left, which can be cured for a long time.
Symptom
Dark filamentous mildew symptoms Common symptoms Granuloma cornea has lawn or ulcer photophobia black spot scales
Patients are more common in outdoor work and often contact with such rot, can be expressed as shallow ulcers, ecchymoses, brownish black spots or verrucous hyperplasia, consciously itchy or mild pain, and some may have no symptoms, subcutaneous tissue Type of dark filamentous mold is often isolated, deep subcutaneous or muscle abscess or cyst, skin lesions can be a large or a few centimeters of apricot kernels, or even large plaques throughout the chest, systemic dark filamentous mold can be from the skin Or the subcutaneous tissue of the genus Fusarium oxysporum spread to the lymph nodes, lungs, brain and gallbladder, etc., or no skin damage, the initial hair lymph node or blood spread.
The disease can be divided into the following types:
1. Superficial dark-type filariasis includes palmar black spots and black hair sarcoidosis, which can be characterized by shallow ulcers, ecchymoses, brownish black spots or verrucous hyperplasia, consciously itchy or mild pain, some Can have no symptoms.
The black spot of the palm is a brown to black scaly patch on the palm and ankle. It can even spread the neck and chest. The black hair sarcoidosis is an oval small nodule formed on the hair shaft. It is as hard as a stone. Egg-like hanging or coated on the hair shaft, black, difficult to see clearly with the naked eye, rubbing with fingers, like sand, mainly invading the hair, followed by eyebrows and eyelashes.
Corneal infections are characterized by corneal edulis or ulcers, patients with self-conscious photophobia, tearing and visual impairment, and lacrimal gland infection manifests as lacrimal duct obstruction, overflowing pus, local granulomatous lesions.
2. Subcutaneous tissue type of dark filamentous mold is often isolated, deep subcutaneous or muscle abscess or cyst, skin lesions can be a large number of apricot kernels or a few centimeters, or even large plaques throughout the chest, when the skin is often affected by brown Red or grayish black, the sputum has a sense of infiltration, the surface is rough, generally does not rupture, the biopsy can be seen in the subcutaneous tissue with a thin pus, there is exudate in the cyst, if the cyst wall is incomplete, leaving the sinus, can be long-term unhealed .
3. Systemic dark spore mold This type can be caused by the skin or subcutaneous tissue of the genus Fusarium oxysporum to the lymph nodes, lungs, brain and gallbladder, etc., or no skin damage, the initial lymph node or blood dissemination, The incidence of C. cerevisiae is more acute, and the prognosis of this type is poor, often leading to death.
Examine
Examination of dark filamentous mildew
Mycological examination: taking various kinds of pus and tissue fluids in different lesions, after treatment with 10% potassium hydroxide solution, various forms of brown and dark brown hyphae and yeast-like spores can be seen under the microscope, no thick-walled spores (walls) Brick-like), tissue and pus culture, can grow brown and black fluff-like or yeast-like colonies.
HE staining can be found in most of the separation, black wall hyphae, diameter 1.5 ~ 3m, occasionally branching or yeast-like blast spores, inflammatory cells or multinucleated giant cells infiltration around the hyphae, no thick-walled spores (wall Brick-like body).
During the biopsy, there is a thin pus in the subcutaneous tissue, and there is exudate in the cyst. If the cyst wall is incompletely removed, the sinus is left.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of dark filamentous mildew
According to the performance of skin lesions, the diagnosis of mycological examination and histopathological examination is not difficult.
Sometimes it needs to be differentiated from colored germination and Fusarium oxysporum.
