boric acid poisoning
Introduction
Introduction to boric acid poisoning Boric acid or borax (sodium borate) can be quickly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, serosal cavity and damaged skin, so it can be poisoned by internal or topical application. Common causes of poisoning in children are as follows: application of boric acid containing boric acid powder, boric acid powder or boric acid ointment to coat large areas of wounds, eczema and diaper rash. The mother is repeatedly sucked with boric acid solution to wash the nipple and sucked by the baby. Thirsty or accidentally eat a lot of killing pills (including 30% boric acid); use boric acid solution for physiological saline injection. The lethal dose of oral boric acid in children is generally 5-6g. Some infants have died of oral administration of 1g boric acid. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.02% Susceptible people: no special people. Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, hypotension, shock, headache, angular cheilitis, anemia
Cause
Cause of boric acidosis
Sodium perborate is more alkaline and acts in the intestines with acid, which can be decomposed into borate (such as NaBO2), boric acid and peroxide (such as hydrogen peroxide). As far as borate is not very toxic to human body, However, when exposed to a large amount of exposure, it can cause irritation to the human mesenteric area, causing spontaneous vomiting. In addition, borate can cause toxicity to the central nervous system and kidneys in a single large or repeated exposure, and may cause vitamins. B2 (riboflavin) is lacking.
Prevention
Boric acid poisoning prevention
Because borate can cause vitamin B2 deficiency, and vitamin B2 can form a water-soluble complex with borate, reduce its cytotoxicity, and assist in the elimination, so in the treatment, intravenous or intramuscular injection of vitamin B 2 1mg / Kg As for the treatment of skin, eyes or inhalation exposure, because borate is very irritating, it is usually only rinsed with water or moved to fresh air, but for skin multiple or large exposure, it should still be Be careful about the possibility of systemic poisoning.
Complication
Boric acid poisoning complications Complications nausea and vomiting diarrhea hypotension shock headache keratitis anemia
There may be mucosal redness, vomiting, diarrhea, vomit and feces in the gastrointestinal tract, such as blue-green or gastrointestinal bleeding, and may cause hypotension due to dehydration, arrhythmia, cyanosis and shock; kidney may produce oligos Or no urine, proximal tubular necrosis, renal failure, metabolic acidemia, etc., as the central nervous system can cause headache, gait instability, paresthesia, restlessness, weakness, abnormal body temperature, hand shaking, convulsions, Even death, the skin can produce palms, peeling and rash on the soles and buttocks, like cooked lobsters (boiledlobstersyndrome); and can cause similar peeling symptoms and systemicity around the mouth and anus, or other mucous membranes. The rash, the symptoms of this skin are systemic symptoms, so it is not only caused by skin exposure, such as vitamin B2 deficiency, it can cause sore throat, pharyngeal redness, angular cheilitis, glossitis, liposuction dermatitis Or anemia and other diseases.
Symptom
Symptoms of boric acid poisoning Common symptoms Dizziness, diarrhea, diarrhea, nausea, exfoliative dermatitis, congestion, horny bow, coma, visual impairment
Symptoms of boric acidosis: start with headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, vomit and feces often with blood, or blue-green; then a large red rash appears, peeling after 1 to 2 days, occasional exfoliation Dermatitis, mucous membranes can also have congestion and exfoliation; rash can spread to the pharynx and tympanic membrane, some patients have hepatic steatosis, jaundice and kidney damage, severely ill children often have paresthesia, visual impairment, ataxia, tremor, insanity , convulsions, convulsions, horn arches, bruising and coma, body temperature, blood pressure drop, sick children can die from shock, uremia, etc. within 24 hours to several days, some poisoned babies only have fever or hypothermia before coma Signs.
Examine
Inspection of boric acid poisoning
For patients with boric acid or borate poisoning, electrolytes, kidney function, arterial blood gas analysis and electrocardiogram should be monitored. In addition, the concentration of borate in the blood can be measured to facilitate clinical diagnosis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of boric acid poisoning
It can be diagnosed based on medical history, clinical symptoms and laboratory tests.
Identification of consciousness, breathing, and circulatory disorders caused by non-organophosphorus and organophosphorus poisoning.
