Urinary tract tumor
Introduction
Introduction to urinary tract tumors Urethral tumors include male urethral cancer and female urethral cancer. Male urethral cancer has different primary sites, and most of them are transitional epithelial cancer and squamous cell carcinoma. The cause of the disease is related to urethritis, urethral stricture and repeated urethral dilation, but when the tumor invades the penis and perineum, it can be transferred to the inguinal lymph nodes. Hematopoietic metastasis rarely occurs in urethral cancer. The most distant part of the metastasis is the lung, followed by the liver and stomach metastasis. basic knowledge The proportion of the disease: the incidence rate is about 0.001% -0.002% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: urinary retention, abscess, urinary tract tumor skin metastasis
Cause
Urinary tract tumor cause
Cause (60%):
The cause is unknown and may be associated with chronic urinary tract irritation. According to the histological classification of tumors, the most common is squamous cell carcinoma, followed by adenocarcinoma. The tumor of the proximal urethra is often a transitional cell carcinoma. Sarcoma or melanoma is rare.
Prevention
Urinary tract cancer prevention
prevention:
1 Minimize infection and avoid exposure to radiation and other harmful substances, especially drugs that have an inhibitory effect on immune function.
2 Appropriate exercise, enhance physical fitness and improve your disease resistance. Pay attention to personal and environmental hygiene, avoid drug abuse, and pay attention to personal protection when working in a harmful environment.
Complication
Urinary tract tumor complications Complications, urinary retention, abscess, urinary tract tumor, skin metastasis
Urinary tract cancer can have the following complications:
1 blocking the urethra, causing difficulty in urinating, but rarely occurs in urinary retention.
2 infection, can pass through the urethral cavernous body, form inflammation around the urethra, or cause abscess around the urethra, pathogens through the upper movement can infect the ureter, kidney or spread to the scrotum, perineum, form the perineal urethra. Others can be complicated by urinary tract tumor skin metastasis.
Symptom
Urinary tract tumor symptoms Common symptoms Male urinary stinging tumor cell infiltrating tumor pulling turbid urinary papules Planting nodule nodules Endometriosis granulomatous inflammatory cell infiltration
Skin metastases from kidney cells and excessive cell tumors either locally metastasized (often on surgical scars) or distant metastases, metastatic carcinomas from renal cell carcinoma (adrenal adenomas), common in the head and neck, transitional cells Cancer is common in the trunk and limbs.
Renal cell metastasis is a single or extensive dermal nodule, the color is flesh-colored, especially purple, with obvious vascular distribution, as seen in kaposi sarcoma or suppurative granuloma, transitional cell carcinoma, skin metastasis, usually a Or multiple flesh-colored dermal nodules, verrucous papules and inflammatory plaques are less common skin metastases.
Examine
Urinary tract tumor examination
Renal cell carcinoma is a clear cell adenocarcinoma. The metastatic nodules in the dermis are composed of large, polygonal cells with cytoplasmic transparency to fine granules. The nucleus is located in the center, and there are few polymorphisms. The cells are arranged in pieces and cords. Adenoid structure, the tumor is embedded in a thin, highly vascular interstitial with some red blood cell extravasation and hemosiderin deposition. Skin metastases of transitional cell carcinoma are composed of large, oval cells with well-differentiated small amounts of basophilic to transparent cytoplasm. The nucleus has a certain pleomorphism, and a number of mitotic figures can be seen.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of urinary tract tumors
diagnosis
According to clinical manifestations, the characteristics of skin lesions and histopathological features can be diagnosed. The following points should be noted:
1. Clinically short-term (6 to 12 months) rapid growth of tumor nodules, distributed in the vicinity of the primary tumor surgery area or the corresponding lymphatic drainage area, and its histopathological morphology is similar to the primary tumor, especially When it is characterized by multiple or multifocal tumors, it should be considered as metastatic cancer of the skin.
2. Tumor plugs are found in the skin or subcutaneous fat vessels or lymphatic vessels. The distribution configuration of the cancer is narrow and trapezoidal at the bottom, generally not connected with the epidermis, there is very little inflammatory cell infiltration around the tumor cells, and no sweat gland ductal keratin membrane Differentiation, etc., are often characteristic of metastatic skin tumors.
Differential diagnosis
Female urethral cancer should be differentiated from the following diseases
1. Urinary tract meat: A benign polypoid tissue that occurs in the female urethra. Sometimes it can be confused with urethral cancer that protrudes out of the urethra. Urethral meat emulsion is more common in postmenopausal women, with a burning sensation, a bright red, soft, easy to hemorrhagic polypoid mass, wide base, rich blood vessels, no ulcers and secretions on the surface, obvious tenderness, no infiltration .
2. Urethral condyloma: For sexually transmitted diseases, in addition to the external urethra, it appears in the vulva, vagina, anus, etc., there are urinary burning pain and urethral secretions. When the identification is difficult, a biopsy is taken.
Second should be with kaposi sarcoma or pyogenic granuloma. Transitional cell carcinoma skin metastasis identification.
