White cavernous nevus of mucosa
Introduction
Introduction of mucosal white sponge The mucosal white spongy scorpion (spongiosusal busmucosaenaevs) is also known as oralpithelianevus or congenitalleukokeratosis, whitefoldedgingivostomotitis. Although the disease is called sputum, the damage does not have the characteristics of sputum. Chinese medicine believes that the innate endowment is insufficient, the blood loss is caused, and the mucous membrane is dystrophic. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.003% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: sepsis
Cause
Mucosal white spongy sputum
(1) Causes of the disease
The etiology of this disease is not clear, and may have certain correlation with environmental factors, genetic factors, dietary factors, and mood and nutrition during pregnancy. However, this disease has a family genetic predisposition, so it is considered to have a greater correlation with chromosome abnormalities.
(two) pathogenesis
The pathogenesis is still not very clear. Pathological examination showed epithelial hyperplasia of the oral mucosa, marked thickening of the spinous layer, and obvious localized epithelial cell edema, showing hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis. Sometimes a small amount of concentrated keratin is visible. The basal cells are vacuolar degeneration, with small nuclei, pyknosis, and ectopic. Cytosolic eosinophilic inclusion bodies are formed and accumulated in abnormal keratinized areas.
Prevention
Mucosal white spongy plaque prevention
The etiology of this disease is not clear, and may have certain correlation with environmental factors, genetic factors, dietary factors, and mood and nutrition during pregnancy. However, this disease has a family genetic predisposition, so it is considered to have a greater correlation with chromosome abnormalities. Therefore, the disease cannot be prevented for the cause. Can be used in pregnancy amniocentesis, as well as non-invasive DNA examination, according to the specific circumstances of the fetal chromosomes can choose whether or not to require pedestrian flow surgery to avoid abnormal fetal delivery.
Complication
Mucosal white spongy fistula complications Complications sepsis
The disease is generally characterized by skin and mucous membrane damage, so clinical complications are rare. However, due to the destruction of skin integrity, it can induce bacterial or fungal infections of the skin, usually secondary to low body constitution, or long-term use of immunosuppressive agents and fungal infections such as onychomycosis, such as concurrent bacterial infections may have fever, skin Swelling, rupture and purulent secretion flow out and other performances. Severe cases can lead to sepsis, which should be brought to the attention of clinicians.
Symptom
Mucosal white spongy symptoms Symptoms Common oral leukoplakia
1. Mucosal white sponge is an autosomal dominant keratosis abnormality disease, which is familial. Skin lesions can occur at birth, can also occur in children or adolescents, reach the maximum in puberty, and remain stable throughout life. .
2. Buccal mucosa, lip mucosa and gums are most often involved, most of the mucous membranes of the mouth can be involved to some extent, and similar lesions can also occur in the nasal, pharyngeal, vaginal and intestinal mucosa.
3. The lesion mucosa is white, thickened, irregularly spongy or scaly, and the scales are removed, revealing a pink-like epithelial smoothing surface, touching the soft sponge hardness, rough discomfort, the disease is a benign lesion.
Examine
Examination of mucosal white spongy sputum
The ultrastructure shows that the formation or distribution of tensile fibers is abnormal, the formation and release of transparent keratinous particles are abnormal, and cytoplasmic vacuoles are formed.
Histopathology: oral mucosal epithelial hyperplasia, significant thickening of the spinous layer, obvious localized epithelial cell edema, showing hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis, sometimes visible small amount of keratinization, basal cell vacuolar degeneration, nuclear transformation Small, pyknotic, ectopic, cytosolic eosinophilic inclusion bodies, and accumulation in abnormal keratinized areas, usually without cell characteristics, but some cases have basal layer hyperplasia and mild mitotic activity, ultrastructural display: tensile fiber formation Or abnormal distribution, abnormal formation and release of clear keratinocytes, cytoplasmic vacuolization, pathological features similar to congenital hypertrophy and white edema, combined with clinical features can be diagnosed.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of mucosal white sponge
diagnosis
The skin lesions appear earlier, family history is obvious, according to clinical manifestations, skin lesion characteristics, histopathological features can be diagnosed.
Differential diagnosis
1. The skin lesions appeared earlier, the family history was obvious, and the congenital hypertrophy (pachyonychia congenita) was accompanied by abnormal keratinization and nail changes.
2. White edema (leukoedema) There is no pigment loss during skin infiltration.
3. Mucosal white sponge is similar to oral lesions in hereditary benign epidermal dysplasia, but the latter involves the conjunctiva, does not involve the vaginal and intestinal mucosa, and histopathological differences are not obvious.
4. Oral mucosa leukoplakia is gray or milky white glossy patch, not spongy, histopathologically visible keratosis, basal liquefaction degeneration, inflammatory infiltration of dermis.
5. Oral red papilloma (oral florid papillomatosis) damage is a cauliflower-like tumor, which occurs in the mucosa of the tongue, throat, trachea, etc., easily secondary to cancer.
