ear tuberculosis
Introduction
Introduction to ear tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Mainly secondary to tuberculosis, can also be spread from adenoid tuberculosis or bone, joint tuberculosis and cervical lymph node tuberculosis, the bacteria can invade the middle ear through the eustachian tube, and the middle ear and milk through the blood circulation or lymphatic system. Sudden. Tuberculosis in the outer ear is rare, and tuberculous middle ear mastoiditis is occasionally reported. Middle ear tuberculosis occurs in children, primary tuberculous middle ear mastoiditis is rare, mostly secondary, mainly secondary to tuberculosis, but also by adenoid tuberculosis or bone, joint tuberculosis and cervical lymph node tuberculosis, etc. Spread, the bacteria can invade the middle ear through the eustachian tube, and the middle ear and mastoid can be introduced into the middle ear and mastoid through the blood circulation or lymphatic system. According to pathological changes, it can be divided into miliary type, necrotic type (or cheese type) and granulation type. . basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: respiratory transmission Complications: throat tuberculosis
Cause
Ear tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Mainly secondary to tuberculosis, can also be spread from adenoid tuberculosis or bone, joint tuberculosis and cervical lymph node tuberculosis, the bacteria can invade the middle ear through the eustachian tube, and the middle ear and milk through the blood circulation or lymphatic system. Sudden.
Pathophysiology
According to pathological changes, it can be divided into miliary type, necrotic type (or cheese type) and granulation type.
Prevention
Ear tuberculosis prevention
Prevention of ear, nose, throat, and throat tuberculosis is very important:
1. Do not first contact patients with infectious tuberculosis. Wear masks when there are patients with infectious tuberculosis.
2, do not dig the nostrils by hand, so as not to bring M. tuberculosis. Do not use tableware from TB patients to avoid swallowing tuberculosis.
3, if you find a certain part of your own tuberculosis, should be treated in time to avoid transmission to other parts.
Complication
Ear tuberculosis complications Complications
Laryngeal disease, laryngeal tuberculosis, hypopharyngeal cancer.
Symptom
Ear tuberculosis symptoms common symptoms hearing loss dizziness eardrum membrane perforation facial nerve
Insidious onset of disease, no earache, ear discharge, early obvious hearing loss, and rapid increase, initially conductive, often up to 50-60dBHL, lesions invading the inner ear is mixed or sensory Neurological spasm, the typical change of tympanic membrane is multiple perforation, but because of the rapid fusion of perforation, it is generally seen that each is a large perforation of the tension, the edge can reach the gingival sulcus, the tympanic mucosa is gray, and there is a large amount of granulation hyperplasia in the tympanic cavity. If the tube and the lost bone are damaged, the facial paralysis and dizziness will occur, and the lateral wall of the mastoid will be destroyed and the posterior can be worn behind the ear. The mastoid X-ray film shows that the mastoid air chamber is blurred, and there may be dead bone. Forming, if the lesion invades the brain, it is complicated by tuberculous meningitis.
Examine
Ear tuberculosis examination
Otoscopy, mammography, tuberculin test (OT, PPD).
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of ear tuberculosis
According to the history and otoscopy, combined with mastoid and chest X-ray film, as well as pathological examination results, the diagnosis is generally not difficult, if necessary, can be used for tuberculosis culture and animal vaccination, should pay attention to suppurative otitis media, ear tumor, Identification of sacral histiocytosis X and the like.
