Duplicate ureteral malformation
Introduction
Repeated introduction of pelvic ureteral malformation Renal and ureteral duplication is a common congenital malformation of the urinary system. Repeated renal and ureteral malformations can be unilateral or bilateral. The unilateral side is more than the bilateral side, the right side is four times more than the left side, and the female is more than the male. The incidence rate varies from country to country. Repeated renal pelvis and ureteral malformation can be divided into complete and incomplete. The former refers to the repeated ureter opening to the bladder or other parts, the latter refers to the repeated ureter and the common opening in the bladder, in the infection and stones. There are clinical symptoms at the time. Repeated parts are often located in the upper pole, generally no special treatment is required. If the ureteral opening is repeated outside the bladder, it is called ectopic ureteral opening. It is more common in women. The clinical manifestation depends on the ectopic opening. The male ectopic opening is more common in the posterior urethra. And seminal vesicles, women are more common in the urethra, vestibule and vagina. The typical symptoms of female patients are both normal self-urination and continuous leakage of urine or urinary incontinence. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.01% Susceptible people: no specific people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: urinary retention
Cause
Repeated causes of ureteropelvic malformation
Cause:
Because of the early embryonic stage, two ureteral buds are caused by a post-renal embryo base.
Prevention
Repeated prevention of ureteropelvic malformation
1. Eat light and easy to digest food, fresh vegetables and appropriate amount of fruit, drink water properly. Pay attention to the balanced diet. Avoid overeating and eating unclean food. Avoid seafood, beef, lamb, spicy spicy food, wine and all kinds of hair such as: spiced anise, coffee, parsley and so on. Do not eat all tonics, tonics and easy-to-fire foods such as: chili, rational, chocolate and so on.
2. Do more exercise to enhance your physical fitness.
Complication
Repeated complications of renal pelvis and ureteral malformation Complications, urinary retention
Often combined with other malformations such as single kidney, horseshoe kidney, contralateral hydronephrosis and multi-atrial renal cystic changes.
Symptom
Repeated symptoms of pelvic ureteral malformation Common symptoms Urinary incontinence Urinary retention dysuria and urinary retention
Repeated parts are often located in the upper pole, generally no special treatment is required. If the ureteral opening is repeated outside the bladder, it is called ectopic ureteral opening. It is more common in women. The clinical manifestation depends on the ectopic opening. The male ectopic opening is more common in the posterior urethra. And seminal vesicles, women are more common in the urethra, vestibule and vagina. The typical symptoms of female patients are both normal self-urination and continuous leakage of urine or urinary incontinence.
Examine
Repeat examination of ureteropelvic malformation
1. Urography: The developed lower renal pelvis is similar to normal renal pelvis, but the number of renal pelvis is reduced and the position is low. The upper renal pelvis is mostly atrophied or small, such as cystic. In addition, hydronephrosis can also be shown. There are various types of this deformity, and the X-ray performance is as follows.
1 Repeat the renal pelvis but only a single ureter. 2 renal pelvis and part of the ureter repeat. 3 The renal pelvis and ureter are all repeated, and there may be an ectopic ureteral opening, or one end is a blind pocket. 4 single renal pelvis but repeated ureter, repeat one end of the ureter can be a blind bag.
2. B super performance: generally can only show repeating kidneys, in addition to the growth of the long diameter of the kidney, the visible echo collection system is clearly divided into two groups. However, repeating the ureter unless the combined stagnant water expands, the ultrasound is unclear.
3. CT findings: There are two sets of renal pelvic ureteral system on one side of the kidney. The upper renal pelvis is often stunted and partial. The lower renal pelvis develops normally with large and small sputum, and the position is low and partial. Repeated renal complication of upper pelvis and ureteral dilatation is common in the ureteral ectopic opening. Follow-up scan to the pelvis is called the upper pelvis, and the lower end does not enter the bladder. However, CT does not clearly indicate the position of the opening.
4. MR performance: Coronal position can more clearly show renal pelvic and ureteral duplication. Except that the repetitive kidney is longer than normal, when the upper kidney segment expands due to the saclike expansion of the water, the dilated drainage ureteral segment can also be partially displayed, and the lower renal segment can be displaced by the hydronephrosis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of repeated renal pelvis and ureteral malformation
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis
Repeated renal pelvis and ureteral malformation and ureteral cyst or stenosis: saccular dilatation of the lower ureter, bulging into the bladder or posterior urethra, called ureteral cyst. It is caused by congenital dysplasia. The ureteral cyst and the normal ureter are mostly adult patients. If the stones are not complicated, the symptoms are mild. Ureteral cysts with repeated ureter or ectopic ureteral orifices, resulting in more obstruction and infection, were found in infants and young children. Larger cysts can cause bladder neck obstruction when urinating, and some cysts fill the bladder cavity, or even out of the female urethra, resembling a tumor.
