parahaemolyticus enteritis
Introduction
Introduction of paralysis hemolytic enteritis The accessory hemolytic bacterium, also known as Vibrio cholerae, belongs to the genus Vibrio and is a common pathogen. Vibrio cholerae is a halophilic Gram-negative bacterium whose main habitat is in sea water. If you eat seafood contaminated with this bacteria, it will cause food poisoning. In Taiwan, Japan, and Southeast Asia, a large number of patients suffer from food poisoning due to consumption of seafood contaminated with Vibrio cholerae, which is one of the main pathogens causing food poisoning. Therefore, the main manifestation of accessory hemolytic colitis is Food poisoning caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% - 0.005% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: food transmission Complications: toxic shock syndrome dehydration electrolyte disorder
Cause
Cause of paralysis of hemolytic colitis
Food poisoning occurs when eating seafood contaminated with Vibrio cholerae.
Prevention
Parahemolytic colitis prevention
Precautions are similar to those caused by other bacteria. The key is to strengthen health promotion and improve people's health quality.
1. Strengthen the sanitation treatment of seafood. Cleaning, salting, refrigerating and transportation of seafood should be strictly managed in accordance with sanitary regulations.
2, to prevent cross-contamination of raw and cooked food, do not eat seafood. Make the lettuce and cooked vegetables separate to prevent cross infection. Cook seafood and stir-fry. The stored food should be re-cooked before eating. Do not eat oysters, raw crabs, salted shrimps, etc. If you eat raw, you must use vinegar for 5 minutes to kill the pathogens.
3. Control bacterial growth in food. Usually the food should be kept in a cool, well-ventilated place or kept in the refrigerator. The leftovers of the meal should be fully heated before eating. It should not be left at room temperature for too long.
Complication
Hemolysis of enterocolitis Complications toxic shock syndrome dehydration electrolyte disorder
1, can be complicated by toxic shock: patients can show decreased blood pressure, increased heart rate, palpitation, palpitations, etc. are not symptoms.
2, severe diarrhea can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, circulatory failure: because a large amount of liquid is lost through the digestive tract, if you can not replenish sufficient liquid in time, it is easy to cause imbalance of water and electrolyte, leading to circulatory failure.
3, consciousness disorder: If the toxic food persists in the body for a long time, it can pass through the blood supply to the brain, causing disturbance of consciousness and even brain death.
Symptom
Associated hemolytic bacterium enterocolitis symptoms common symptoms dark yellow or green... chills, body discomfort, mucus, stool, pus, blood, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever
The course of the disease varies from 1 to 6 days, and can be self-limited, generally recovering faster.
The incubation period is generally 6 to 20 hours, the shortest is 1 to 3 hours, and the longest is up to 96 hours. Sudden onset, first with chills, fever, general malaise, abdominal discomfort, followed by paroxysmal upper abdominal, umbilical hernia, accompanied by nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. The stool varies from several times a day to more than 20 times. The stool has more yellow water samples. A few are bloody watery stools, and a few of them have pus and bloody stools, but there is very little urgency. Severe diarrhea can lead to dehydration, circulatory failure, hoarseness and muscle spasms, and even conscious disturbances. Most children with fever have a high fever, the body temperature is mostly at 38 ~ 40 ° C, the symptoms of poisoning are significant, and the intestinal symptoms are lighter than adults. The course of the disease is 3 to 5 days. Except for some elderly and weak patients, the general prognosis is good. Reported abroad, the clinical manifestations of this disease in addition to the typical gastroenteritis type, there are dysentery type, toxic shock type, chronic enteritis type.
According to the onset season, history of sea food products, and collective morbidity, clinical manifestations include abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal tenderness, blood pressure drop, watery or bloody stools, pus and mucus, etc., can make a preliminary diagnosis, such as from suspicious food The detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the feces can be confirmed.
Examine
Examination of accessory hemolytic colitis
1, blood: in the early stage of the disease, the total number of white blood cells increased, mostly in (10 ~ 20) × 109 / L, classified more than 80% of neutrophils.
2, stool microscopic examination: visible white blood cells or pus cells, often accompanied by red blood cells, easily misdiagnosed as bacillary dysentery. Fecal culture can detect Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the vast majority of which quickly turn negative, only a few continue to be positive for 2 to 4 days.
3, bacterial culture: 1 to 2 days after onset, the positive rate of fecal culture is high, the positive rate is reduced after 2 days. Suspicious foods, such as seafood, pickles, etc., can sometimes isolate bacteria. At present, the VITEK-AMS microbiological automatic analysis system is used for the analysis and identification of fecal bacteria in patients with diarrhea, which can be accurately and quickly diagnosed.
4. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology for detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus DNA This technique is simple, rapid, specific and sensitive.
5. Serum agglutination test: The serum agglutination titer was higher in the early stage of the disease, and most of the time it turned into a negative soon. If the titer reaches 1:80 to 1:160, the disease can be diagnosed. During the recovery period, the heat-resistant hemolysin antibody was detected, and the titer was often significantly increased to 1:80 to 1:160.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of accessory hemolytic colitis
According to the medical history and clinical manifestations, the initial diagnosis can be confirmed by combined with bacteriological examination.
1, medical history
In the summer and autumn, there is a history of eating seafood, pickles or cooked food contaminated with seafood.
2, clinical manifestations
Acute illness, short incubation period, paroxysmal cramps in the upper abdomen, and nausea and vomiting.
3, laboratory diagnosis: bacteriology, serological test.
