acute intestinal obstruction
Introduction
Introduction to acute intestinal obstruction The mechanical blockage of the small intestine due to various causes of intestinal and extraintestinal is called intestinal block (intestinalobstruction, ileus). Intestinalobstruction is called when the intestinal contents are in normal operation and when an obstacle occurs. For the common diseases of abdominal surgery, if the timely and reasonable treatment is not obtained, the life of the patient is often endangered. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: bloating, abdominal pain
Cause
Cause of acute intestinal obstruction
The blood supply to the intestine is caused by a disorder, which often causes the muscle activity of the intestinal wall to disappear. If the blood supply to the intestine cannot be restored, the intestinal tube is prone to necrosis, especially the intestinal tube that supplies blood through the terminal branch. The blood supply to the intestine is more common. Mesenteric artery thrombosis or embolism caused by various reasons, as well as mesenteric venous thrombosis.
Prevention
Acute intestinal obstruction prevention
Children who are able to prevent mites in prevention should actively deworming treatment, and those who are guilty should be repaired in time.
Complication
Acute intestinal obstruction complications Complications, abdominal distension, abdominal pain
When the contents of the intestines are blocked, a series of symptoms such as abdominal distension, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting and defecation disorders may occur, and severe cases may cause blood supply disorders in the intestinal wall, followed by intestinal necrosis, which may lead to death if not actively treated.
Symptom
Acute intestinal obstruction symptoms common symptoms abdominal pain bloating nausea and vomiting defecation difficult bowel movement disorder
1. Abdominal pain: Simple intestinal obstruction is paroxysmal colic, strangulated intestinal obstruction is mostly paroxysmal persistent abdominal pain, and paralytic intestinal obstruction is persistent pain.
2, vomiting: the initial stage of the onset of reflex vomiting, and later the intestinal content reversed into the stomach vomiting. High intestinal obstruction, vomiting occurs earlier and more frequent, low intestinal obstruction, vomiting is less frequent, often spit out a large amount of fecal samples, because the ileocecal valve has the function of preventing the colon contents from flowing back into the small intestine, so vomiting during colon obstruction Light or no vomiting.
3, abdominal distension: its degree is closely related to the location and nature of obstruction. High intestinal obstruction has no obvious abdominal distension due to frequent vomiting, low abdominal obstruction is full abdominal distension, colonic obstruction is mostly peripheral abdominal distension, strangulated intestinal obstruction is characterized by asymmetrical localized abdominal distension, paralytic intestinal obstruction, abdominal distension is significant, and uniform Sexual bloating.
4, anal defecation, exhaust stop: acute complete intestinal obstruction has this symptom, but due to obstruction below the intestine often accumulate gas and feces, so early obstruction can still have a small amount of defecation, exhaust, strangulated intestinal obstruction Such as intussusception, mesenteric thrombosis, etc., can still discharge bloody mucus.
Examine
Acute intestinal obstruction
1, hemoglobin and white blood cell count: early intestinal obstruction normal, obstruction time is longer, when dehydration signs occur, blood concentration and leukocyte increase can occur, white blood cells increased with left shift, indicating the presence of intestinal stenosis.
2, X-ray examination: X-ray examination is very important for the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction, after the jejunum and ileal gas is filled, the X-ray images have their own characteristics: jejunal mucosal folds are arranged in parallel with the fishbone of the mesenteric margin, and the gap rule It is like a spring-like shape; the ileal mucosal folds disappear, and the outline of the intestine is smooth; the flatulence of the colon is located around the abdomen, showing a colon-shaped shape.
3, B-mode ultrasound examination: soft abdomen can be formed in the abdomen, the intestinal sound image can be seen in the peristalsis, the liquid can be seen, the intussusception can be seen in the concentric cavity image, the center of the echo is strong, the longitudinal surface can be seen in the multi-layer wall Structure, the use of B-mode ultrasound diagnosis of intestinal obstruction to be further research and improvement.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of acute intestinal obstruction
Diagnosis can be performed based on clinical performance and laboratory tests.
