bladder prolapse
Introduction
Introduction to bladder prolapse Partial or all of the bladder is removed from the external urethra. It is called bladder prolapse. The normal bladder is fixed by the triangular ligament, lateral ligament and surrounding tissues. It is not prolapsed. The urethra is closed under the action of internal and external sphincters. The bladder cannot escape. However, if the above structure and its functions are damaged and weakened, there is a possibility of bladder prolapse. Bladder prolapse is rare, almost all occur in women, more common in people under 10 years old and over 50 years old. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.01% Susceptible people: almost all occur in women, more common in people under 10 years old and over 50 years old Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: abdominal pain
Cause
Cause of bladder prolapse
Pregnancy and childbirth (30%):
Excessive compression of the pelvic floor muscles, pliers and postpartum cough can cause sagging and damage of the pelvic floor tissue. Long-term illness can relax local tissue; estrogen deficiency causes a decrease in urethral closure pressure.
Urethral and vaginal surgery (30%):
Resection of urethral cancer, urethral trauma defect, radical resection of cervical cancer, etc. can destroy the normal structure and support of the urethral bladder. Severe urethral laceration or extreme urethral dilation, such as transurethral sex, can cause relaxation of the urethral and external sphincters and bladder neck.
Increased intra-abdominal pressure (10%):
Chronic cough, constipation, dysentery, and acute cystitis can cause elevated intra-abdominal pressure and become a cause of bladder prolapse.
Pathogenesis
The premise of bladder prolapse is that the pelvic floor muscles, bladder neck and urethra are too loose, so there is a history of urinary incontinence before the bladder prolapse. Bladder prolapse often occurs when the abdominal pressure increases, and there is a mass in the urethra, which is reddish and smooth. Bladder prolapse is divided into two types: incompleteness and completeness. The former is more common. Most of the parts that come out are the anterior part of the bladder triangle and the bladder neck. The mucosal surface that has been repeatedly removed has edema, congestion, and erosion. Sometimes the triangle and ureteral orifice can be seen on the exuded mass. Bladder prolapse can be divided into 3 degrees, I degree: prolapse is less than the level of the urethra. II degree: prolapse to the level of the urethra. III degree: refers to prolapse below the level of the urethra.
Prevention
Bladder prolapse prevention
Prevent primary diseases and avoid damage.
Pay attention to maintain adequate sleep, avoid overwork, pay attention to work and rest, pay attention to the regularity of life.
Diet should pay attention to taking more light and nutritious food, pay attention to dietary balance. Avoid spicy food. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits. Eat more immune-enhancing foods to improve your body's ability to fight disease.
Complication
Bladder prolapse complications Complications, abdominal pain
If the prolapsed bladder cannot be retracted, it may cause strangulation, severe abdominal pain, and necrosis and infection may be life-threatening.
Symptom
Bladder prolapse symptoms common symptoms urethral pain urethra local swelling urethra outflow secretion urinary incontinence urethra secretory mucus or...
1. Have a history of dystocia or urethra, vaginal injury.
2. There is often a history of urinary incontinence, combined with diseases that increase intra-abdominal pressure such as chronic cough, constipation and so on.
3. There is a tumor in the urethra, which is reddish and smooth. It occurs when the abdominal pressure suddenly increases. Sometimes the triangle and ureteral orifice are visible on the tumor.
Examine
Bladder prolapse check
Visual inspection: bladder prolapse can be divided into 3 degrees, I degree: prolapse is less than the level of the urethra. II degree: prolapse to the level of the urethra. III degree: refers to prolapse below the level of the urethra.
The examinations that need to be done for this disease are generally: blood routine examination, urine routine examination, abdominal B-ultrasound examination.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of bladder prolapse
diagnosis
It is not difficult to diagnose based on medical history and typical clinical symptoms.
Differential diagnosis
Bladder bulging
Also known as the vaginal wall bulging. Due to factors such as childbirth and birth injury, the bladder wall, urethra and vaginal wall are elongated, slackened and thinned, and the fascia in the basin is loosened. The difference is that the bladder urethra expands into the vagina and bulges from the vaginal opening.
Urethral mucosal prolapse
The disease occurs mostly in children, mainly characterized by a purple-red mass at the urethral opening, which is annular around the urethra. The mass is soft, the surface is smooth, without pain or tenderness, and is prone to bleeding; there is no symptoms of urinary incontinence. There is a cavity in the center of the mass, which can be smoothly inserted into the catheter.
Ureteral cyst prolapse
The ectopic ureteral cyst is removed from the urethral orifice through the bladder neck and urethra, and becomes a large and purplish red mass. Sometimes the ureteral opening is visible in the cyst, which is similar to bladder prolapse. However, the ureteral cyst can only be seen on one side of the ureteral orifice, but not in the triangle. IVU can be seen in the repeat kidney and repeat ureter, and the upper hydronephrosis can be seen.
