Eggs or gestational segments found in feces
Introduction
Introduction The diagnosis of the eggs or gestational tract slices in the stool of patients with short-membrane tsutsugamushi disease can be confirmed. Hymenolepiasis nana is a disease caused by parasitic human intestinal tract by hymenolepis nana. The main clinical symptoms are nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, insomnia, etc. Humans and rodents are the source of infection. The insects are distributed all over the world, and the infection rate of children is high in most areas of China. The prognosis of this disease is good.
Cause
Cause
(1) Causes of the disease
The adult is 25 to 40 mm long and 1 mm wide. There are 4 suction cups in the head section and 20 to 30 head hooks in the top. The neck is slender, the back of the neck has a body section of 100 to 200 knots, and a few of them are up to 1000 knots. Each section has 3 round testicles, and the ovary is divided into 2 leaves. The uterus in the pregnancy section is in the shape of a bag, containing 80 to 200 eggs. . The eggs are colorless and transparent, elliptical or round, and the size is 47-37 m. The shell is thin, and the shell and the embryo membrane are filled with a colorless liquid. There are 4 to 8 filaments at each end of the embryonic membrane, and there are six hooks in the embryonic membrane.
The adult parasitic host is at the upper end of the small intestine. The end of the corpus callosum is often broken before it falls off. The eggs are scattered and discharged with the feces. The eggs are swallowed by humans or rats, hatching in the intestines, and the six hooks escape into the small intestine villi to develop into cysticercus, returning to the intestine, adsorbing the intestinal wall, and mature to lay eggs about 1 month after infection. Its eggs can also hatch in the intestines, forming their own repeated infections. In addition, mites and a variety of beetles can become intermediate hosts. After the beetle swallows eggs, it hatches six hooks and develops into a cysticercus. The beetles can be infected if swallowed by humans or rodents.
(two) pathogenesis
Infection of adults and larvae can cause mechanical and toxic irritation of the small intestinal mucosa. The scalp suckers, small hooks, and micro-hairs on the surface of the head have obvious damage to the human intestinal mucosa; the secretions of the worms can also produce toxic effects. Necrosis, ulceration, cell lysis, and lymphocyte and neutrophil infiltration occur in the intestinal mucosa attached to the adult. Invasion of larvae can also destroy mucosal villi, causing intestinal absorption and motor dysfunction. Repeated self-infection of this disease is a common phenomenon, which can cause serious infection. Domestic Wang Shengqi and other reports (1956) can infect humans in the number of insects up to l500, the most case is 37,482.
A small membrane shell aphid infection can produce a certain immune response in the host. Eosinophilia in the blood, specific IgA, IgG, IgM increased to varying degrees, intestinal lavage specific: IgA and IgE also increased. Animal experiments have shown that serum-specific IgG and IgE antibodies can passively transfer protective immunity. In addition, protective immunity is associated with T cells, and passive transfer of T cells can also affect immunity.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Fecal microscopy for fecal occult blood test (OBT)
1, the infection can be asymptomatic, severe infection can occur gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, diarrhea, as well as headache, dizziness, irritability and insomnia, and even convulsions.
2, some patients may have allergic symptoms such as itchy skin and urticaria.
3, anemia is also more common.
4, blood picture examination: bloody examination of patients with mild infection is normal. Peripheral blood eosinophils increased slightly.
5, the feces in the eggs or pregnancy section can be diagnosed. A glass paper swab can be used to check the eggs around the anus. Those with a small number of eggs can be concentrated by sodium chloride or sodium nitrate saturated liquid floating method, and the surface liquid microscopic examination is taken.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
It should be differentiated from other tsutsugamushi diseases.
Infected patients can be asymptomatic, gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, diarrhea, as well as headache, dizziness, irritability and insomnia, and even convulsions. Some patients may have allergic symptoms such as itchy skin and urticaria. Anemia is also more common. Peripheral blood eosinophils increased slightly.
The diagnosis can be confirmed by examining the eggs or the gestational section in the stool. Those with a small number of eggs can be concentrated by sodium chloride or sodium nitrate saturated liquid floating method, and the surface liquid microscopic examination is taken.
