fungal infection
Introduction
Introduction Mold is a common name for filamentous fungi, meaning "mold fungi", which often form branched mycelium, but do not produce large fruiting bodies like mushrooms. Medically, the mold infection is called Candida infection, so fungal vaginitis is also called Candida vaginitis. More common in young girls, pregnant women, diabetic patients, and patients who have been treated with larger doses of estrogen after menopause. Before and after the menstrual period, during menopause or after production, when the vaginal acidity decreases and the normal balance between mold and bacteria is destroyed, the number of Candida will increase rapidly and cause infection.
Cause
Cause
Anatomically speaking, the female vulva is in a naturally closed state, ensuring that the vagina does not communicate with the outside world. The anterior wall of the vaginal wall is also closed, and the cervix is also closed. In addition, indirect contact infection is also a route of transmission for fungal vaginitis. Which items are in contact with may be infected with vaginitis.
Toilets, bath tubs, bath chairs, towels, and unclean toilet paper that are in contact with mold patients can cause spread. When the infected person has a certain number of candida vagina, moldy vulva can occur. Vaginitis. Other behaviors that can cause vaginitis, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs are the culprit. Taking large amounts of antibiotics can also cause vaginitis. As long as the use of antibiotics, whether oral or injection, will inhibit the vaginal lactobacillus disrupting the natural ecological balance of the vagina, changing the microenvironment of the vagina, the pathogenic bacterial pathogens may multiply, eventually leading to local candidal vaginitis. Therefore, do not take antibiotics in large quantities under normal circumstances.
Frequent flushing can cause illness
Some women often use medicated lotion to clean the vagina in order to maintain hygiene. This is easy to destroy the acid and alkali environment of the vagina, but it is easy to get infected with candida vaginitis. In addition, diabetes, pregnancy may cause the vaginal Candida mass reproduction rate increased.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Vaginal secretions check vaginal cleanliness check
According to typical clinical manifestations and visual inspection of vaginal discharge, it is usually not difficult to diagnose fungal vaginitis. However, for atypical cases, in order to confirm the diagnosis, those suspected of having mold, or understanding the therapeutic effect, must be examined for vaginal secretions. Can directly take the vaginal secretions on the slide, add a small drop of isotonic sodium chloride solution or 10% ~ 20% potassium hydroxide solution, add a cover glass, micro-heat microscopy, red, white blood cells and epithelial cells dissolve immediately, and The mold is shown in the form of a wire-like fiber or mycelia, and is attached with micro-buds or molecular conidia. However, this method is less reliable (60%). For example, the smear of vaginal secretions is stained with Gram. Under the microscope, a group of gram-positive densely stained oval-shaped spores can be found, or the pseudohyphae and the budding cells can be connected into a chain or branch, which is easy to identify. Reliability can be increased to 80%. The most reliable method is to carry out mold culture. In addition, we must also pay attention to the relevant incentives, such as the application of large doses of steroids or broad-spectrum antibiotics history, and diabetes patients need to do urine sugar and blood sugar check.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
It is not difficult to distinguish it from trichomonas vaginitis. Add a drop of normal saline to the slide, mix it with a small amount of secretions and perform a microscopic examination. If you can find a trichomoniasis with a wave motion, you can diagnose it as trichomonas vaginitis. When the chamber is too low, the activity of the trichomoniasis is also reduced. The salt water can be warmed up and then checked. If necessary, the positive detection rate can be increased.
Route of infection
Candida can be parasitic in the vagina, mouth, and intestines. Candida albicans can infect each other. In addition, a small number of patients can be directly transmitted through sexual intercourse and indirectly infected with contaminated clothing.
Fungal vaginitis can be complicated by cervical erosion, pelvic inflammatory disease, annex inflammation, cervicitis. According to typical clinical manifestations and visual inspection of vaginal discharge, it is usually not difficult to diagnose fungal vaginitis. However, for atypical cases, in order to confirm the diagnosis, those suspected of having mold, or understanding the therapeutic effect, must be examined for vaginal secretions. Can directly take the vaginal secretions on the slide, add a small drop of isotonic sodium chloride solution or 10% ~ 20% potassium hydroxide solution, add a cover glass, micro-heat microscopy, red, white blood cells and epithelial cells dissolve immediately, and The mold is shown in the form of a wire-like fiber or mycelia, and is attached with micro-buds or molecular conidia. However, this method is less reliable (60%). For example, the smear of vaginal secretions is stained with Gram. Under the microscope, a group of gram-positive densely stained oval-shaped spores can be found, or the pseudohyphae and the budding cells can be connected into a chain or branch, which is easy to identify. Reliability can be increased to 80%. The most reliable method is to carry out mold culture. In addition, we must also pay attention to the relevant incentives, such as the application of large doses of steroids or broad-spectrum antibiotics history, and diabetes patients need to do urine sugar and blood sugar check.
