Pale marks or peeling of fingers and toenails
Introduction
Introduction Sputum poisoning generally has symptoms such as the typical nervous system, digestive system and hair loss and hair loss. However, because cockroach poisoning is rare, it is often overlooked, leading to misdiagnosis. The Mie line is usually left on the hand of the poisoned person. If it is poisoned by long-term application of strontium salt in the treatment of cyanosis, its symptoms may be slow, and the child may have fatigue, depression, insomnia, agitation, nausea, vomiting, paresthesia, acromegaly, finger tremor, muscle weakness, drooping eyelids, strabismus. , pupil dilated, facial muscle rigidity, retrobulbar optic neuritis, optic atrophy, blindness. In addition, there may be anemia, gingivitis and gingival blue line, hair loss, fingernails, nails appear pale marks or shedding, various rashes and epidermis keratinization, skin with ecchymosis or blemishes, liver and kidney damage, diabetes and so on.
Cause
Cause
Metal cockroach poisoning is a poisoning reaction caused by the body's intake of strontium-containing compounds. Typical symptoms of sputum poisoning include hair loss, gastrointestinal reactions, and nervous system damage. has strong accumulation toxicity, which can cause permanent damage to patients, including muscle atrophy, permanent damage of liver and kidney. has strong accumulation toxicity, can cause permanent damage to patients, including muscle atrophy, permanent damage of liver and kidney, etc. Human body intake of bismuth compounds can be caused by eating sputum-containing compounds, drinking sputum-containing water, eating fruits and vegetables, occupation Contact and other means.
Earthworms are more toxic than lead and mercury. The chemical molecule of bismuth is a widely used industrial raw material. The bismuth-containing alloy has special properties. It is a raw material for producing corrosion-resistant containers, low-temperature thermometers and superconducting materials. Some bismuth compounds are sensitive to infrared rays and are important raw materials for the photoelectron industry. Antimony compounds can also be used to prepare insecticides, hair loss agents (barium acetate), etc. In addition, the raw materials for the production of firecrackers (fireworks) often also contain high amounts of antimony, and the by-product sodium chloride (non-edible salt) is also Pollution, when the human body eats this non-edible salt (often the criminals sell this salt), causing poisoning. Most of the thallium poisoning is caused by oral administration of strontium salt or topical sputum ointment for the treatment of hair lice (which is not used in China). A few cases are caused by misuse of cockroaches, insecticides and insecticides.
Therefore, daily exposure to intake is an important factor leading to sputum poisoning. The bismuth compound can be absorbed through the skin or absorbed through the hair follicles, respiratory mucosa, and the like throughout the body surface. Cases have shown that exposure to sputum dust for 2 hours may lead to acute sputum poisoning.
In addition, soil and drinking water pollution caused by mining and other reasons may also lead to residents suffering from acute or chronic sputum poisoning through dietary intake of bismuth-containing compounds. Most of the strontium salts are colorless, odorless, and have good solubility. Therefore, ingestion and poisoning are also one of the ways in which sputum poisoning patients are exposed to bismuth compounds. According to the history of contact and the development of the disease, sputum poisoning can be divided into acute sputum poisoning and chronic sputum poisoning. Acute sputum poisoning is a poisoning reaction caused by a large amount of sputum intake in a short period of time. Most of the contact routes are oral, mainly manifested by nervous system and digestion. Systemic symptoms; chronic sputum poisoning is generally caused by long-term occupational exposure, the symptoms are similar to acute sputum poisoning, but the course of disease is longer and the clinical manifestations are more moderate.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Blood routine urine routine
Acute poisoning children taking a large amount of strontium salt often develop symptoms within a few hours to 24 hours, such as nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, abdominal pain, diarrhea, hemorrhagic gastroenteritis (or constipation), bleeding of skin and mucous membranes. Tachycardia and other arrhythmias, elevated blood pressure, liver and kidney damage, hair loss, multiple neuropathy. Some patients develop acute camphor, with headache, lethargy, confusion, hallucinations, convulsions, tremors, convulsions, and coma. Severely ill children with pulmonary edema, difficulty breathing, respiratory failure, shock, etc., can die within a few days. If it is poisoned by long-term application of strontium salt in the treatment of cyanosis, its symptoms may be slow, and the child may have fatigue, depression, insomnia, agitation, nausea, vomiting, paresthesia, acromegaly, finger tremor, muscle weakness, drooping eyelids, strabismus. , pupil dilated, facial muscle rigidity, retrobulbar optic neuritis, optic atrophy, blindness. In addition, there may be anemia, gingivitis and gingival blue line, hair loss, fingernails, nails appear pale marks or shedding, various rashes and epidermis keratinization, skin with ecchymosis or blemishes, liver and kidney damage, diabetes and so on. In addition, there may be dementia, thyroid dysfunction, developmental retardation and testicular atrophy. Mild disease can be completely restored, after the occurrence of retrobulbar optic neuritis, vision loss is mostly reduced. About half of the children with acute poisoning have various degrees of sequelae.
Hair loss and skin damage and hair loss are specific symptoms of sputum poisoning. All sputum poisoning patients will lose hair after the poisoning reaction. Not only hair loss, but also beard, bristles and pubic hair will fall off, but the eyebrows usually do not fall off. The symptoms of hair loss usually occur 1 to 3 weeks after acute sputum poisoning, and hair loss occurs within 4 days of the shortest. Hair loss caused by sputum poisoning, hair will fall off in bundles, resulting in alopecia areata. This hair loss is usually reversible. Hair usually begins to regenerate about 4 weeks after the sputum poisoning cures, and fully recovers after 3 months. Severe sputum poisoning can lead to permanent hair loss. Symptoms of the nervous system can cause peripheral neuritis. The patient begins to have bilateral numbness of the lower extremities within 12 hours to 1 week after the poisoning, and then pain is generated from the end of the foot, and spreads upward as the disease progresses, touching the patient's skin. That is, it produces an unbearable burning sensation.
Subsequently, the patient will develop a movement disorder, feel the weakness of the lower limbs, and eventually develop into muscle atrophy. The sputum also affects the optic nerve, leading to posterior optic neuritis and optic atrophy and loss of light reflection in the macula. It can also cause paralysis of the eye muscles, sagging of the upper eyelids. In addition, due to the action of sputum, the patient usually has white turbidity in the lens. These factors eventually lead to decreased vision and even loss of light perception in patients with sputum poisoning. also affects the central nervous system. Patients may experience headaches, sleep disturbances, anxiety, and even personality changes. Some patients may also have rickets-like manifestations, which may result in injury or self-injury.
Digestive symptoms Symptoms of digestive symptoms occur earlier in patients who receive oral intake of bismuth compounds, including nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and abdominal pain. In addition, patients often have constipation, with the development of the disease, the latter is specifically for diarrhea; some patients can see stomatitis, glossitis, gum erosion, gastrointestinal bleeding and other symptoms. Toxic hepatitis can also occur in some serious cases.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of finger or toenail showing pale marks or shedding:
1. There are streaks or spots on the nails: the nails are concave, which means that there are some horizontal stripes, vertical stripes and spots on the nails.
2. The nail suddenly turns white: the nail suddenly turns white, which means that the color of the nail suddenly appears white in a short period of time.
3, fingernails have white spots: fingernails have white spots may be parasites in the intestines or lack of trace elements.
