ELISA

The solid-phase enzyme immunoassay mainly refers to ELISA. Its basic principle is: to bind an antigen or antibody to the surface of a certain solid-phase carrier (coated) and maintain its immune activity; label (another) antigen or antibody with an enzyme, Retain its immune activity and enzyme activity; during the measurement, react the test specimen (antibody or antigen therein) and the enzyme-labeled antigen or antibody with different steps of the antigen or antibody on the surface of the solid phase carrier; use the washing method The antigen-antibody complex formed on the solid-phase carrier is separated from other substances, and the amount of the enzyme bound on the solid-phase carrier is proportional to the amount of the test substance in the sample; after adding the substrate for the enzyme reaction, the substrate is enzymatically Catalytic color development, so qualitative or quantitative analysis can be performed based on the color depth. Due to the high catalytic efficiency of the enzyme, it has the effect of amplifying the reaction, so that the method has a high sensitivity. There are several types of reactions in ELISA depending on the subject.