Spine fracture and dislocation combined with paraplegia

The spinal cord is located in the spinal canal and is closely related to the spine. Therefore, spinal fractures and dislocations, whether closed or open, are more likely to cause spinal cord injury. Generally speaking, spinal fractures without spinal cord injuries rarely require surgical treatment; cervical vertebra fractures are often reduced and fixed with traction of the skull, and chest and lumbar fractures are often used for functional reduction. In recent years, with the advancement of technology and the improvement of internal fixation equipment, open reduction and internal fixation have been used to treat chest and lumbar fractures. Spinal fractures and dislocations associated with spinal cord injury are often reduced, decompressed, and internally fixed while the spinal cord is being explored. Spinal cord parenchymal injury cannot currently be repaired directly. In recent years, large omentum transfer has been used to treat traumatic incomplete paraplegia, and it has been reported to have good results. Generally speaking, the operation for spinal cord injury is usually decompression. The purpose of surgery is to remove foreign bodies and relieve compression, and it should be performed as soon as possible. Spinal decompression can be performed from the posterior (translaminectomy), lateral posterior (transpedicular resection), or anterior (transvertebral resection). In recent years, most scholars believe that spinal cord injuries caused by spinal fractures and dislocations are mostly caused by spinal fractures and other stressors from the front of the spinal cord. Ligaments affect the stability of the spine, and it is advocated to use less or not. However, laminectomy is still appropriate for those who have broken bone fragments into the spinal canal for attachment fractures. It is more convenient and direct to explore the spinal cord through this approach. Anterior decompression is mostly used for spinal cord injury caused by thoracic spine and thoracolumbar fractures and dislocations.