Kidney Stone Surgery

The method of removing stones needs to be formulated according to the location, number, size, kidney function, whether anatomical abnormalities, infections, and physical conditions are combined. Generally, kidney stones below 5mm are mainly treated with conservative treatment or observation. For kidney stones of 5mm ~ 2cm, extracorporeal lithotripsy is preferred. In particular, we should pay attention to the fact that lithotripsy cannot be performed on the basis of only one B-ultrasound or X-ray, and the diagnosis should be performed before lithotripsy. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is preferred for kidney stones above 2 cm.