Rhabdomyolysis

Rhabdomyolysis is a disease that causes kidney damage due to the production of toxic substances by muscle cells, commonly known as muscle lysis. Rhabdomyolysis, also known as myosinuria, refers to the presence of a large amount of muscle protein and myosin in the urine. Myosin itself causes direct damage to the epithelial cells of the renal tubules, and also causes the blood vessels of the kidneys to contract; in addition, when exposed to insufficient fluid or an acidic environment, myosin easily forms crystals in the renal tubules, and In addition, the renal tubules are blocked, so rhabdomyolysis is prone to cause acute renal failure. The most common clinical symptom of rhabdomyolysis is local or systemic muscle soreness. Oligouria occurs when it affects the kidneys, and the color of the urine is similar to that of "cola". Laboratory tests revealed increased myosin, creatinine, and urea nitrogen in the urine, combined with hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hyperuric acid, and creatine phosphate (cpk, especially mm Type) rise. Rhabdomyolysis usually occurs after severely injured muscles, especially after a muscle crush injury. For example, after the September 11 earthquake, a large number of patients have rhabdomyolysis due to stone crushing, which causes acute renal failure. Other conditions that are prone to cause rhabdomyolysis include: excessive exercise, high-voltage electric shock, generalized spasm, alcohol abuse or excessive sleeping pills leading to long-term maintenance of a sleeping position and localized muscle compression, some lipid-lowering drugs, and so on. There are also some rare cases, such as a large number of bee stings, poisonous snake bites, taking ecstasy, and even the recent ridiculous sars (severe acute respiratory syndrome) can cause rhabdomyolysis. Muscles are mainly classified into skeletal muscles, cardiac muscles, and smooth muscles, while striated muscles refer to skeletal muscles and cardiac muscles, especially skeletal muscles.