Orbital venous reflux disorder

Systemic venous tubes transport blood back to the right atrium. The blood volume of the systemic venous system is large, accounting for more than half of the total blood. Veins easily expand and contract, so they play a role in blood storage. Vein contraction and relaxation can effectively regulate return blood volume and cardiac output, so that the circulation function can adapt to the needs of the body in various physiological states. The basic force of venous return is the pressure difference between the small vein (also known as the peripheral vein) and the vena cava or right atrium (also known as the central vein). Elevated venous pressure or decreased vena cava pressure are beneficial to venous return. Because the venous tube wall is thin and the venous pressure is low, venous return is also affected by external forces such as the squeezing effect of muscle contraction, breathing movement, gravity and so on. When the above factors prevent venous return, the body will show various manifestations. Long-term intraorbital venous reflux disorders can also be followed by open-angle glaucoma, which results in decreased vision and visual field defects.