Immunonephritis

Immune nephritis is a chronic glomerular disease of the kidney that is caused by various etiologies. Also known as primary immune nephritis is different from secondary. Clinically, secondary chronic kidney damage caused by systemic diseases such as diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, gout, etc. will be named after the primary disease, such as diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis, etc. Because the diagnosis and treatment of these cases are based on systemic diseases (such as diabetes), they are very different from those of the primary. The incidence of immune nephritis is still very high in China, with a population incidence of 0.28 to 0.89% in 1981, which is one of the most important causes of chronic renal failure (60%). Immune nephritis caused by different causes is similar in symptoms and common in treatment, but the prognosis varies from mild to severe. The disease is mainly kidney damage caused by an immune response. Different causes can have the same kidney damage. Clinical manifestations include varying degrees of proteinuria, hematuria, cast urine, edema, hypertension, and varying degrees of renal impairment. Onset can be rapid or slow, but most cases do not evolve from acute nephritis. Therefore, the understanding of immune nephritis should be the continuous or progressive development of underlying pathological changes, so that the disease is prolonged and become chronic, not just the chronic stage of acute nephritis. Modern medicine can understand the pathological changes of kidney tissue through kidney biopsy to determine prognosis and guide treatment.