Retrograde bacterial infection

The so-called retrograde bacterial infection means that the bacteria enter the urinary system from the urethral opening, pass through the urethra to the bladder and even enter the kidney or paratestis, prostate. Most bacteria come from the gut, and E. coli is the most common. The majority of outpatient urinary tract patients are female (male: female about 1: 8). This is because female urethra is short (about 3-4 cm), and the opening is quite close to the vagina and anus. Behavior into the urinary system causes infection. Others, such as diabetic patients or patients with poor resistance, bacteria may invade organs other than the urinary system, and then enter the urinary system through the blood circulation to cause infections. This is the so-called hemorrhagic infection.