Urinary manganese

The upper limit of the normal value of urine manganese does not exceed 0.54 μmol / L (0.03mg / L), and the normal upper limit of manganese is generally 40mg / kg. Urine and fecal manganese measurements can reflect recent manganese absorption. Urinary manganese Fecal manganese is often used to check for manganese poisoning. Acute manganese poisoning can cause acute corrosive gastroenteritis or irritating bronchitis and pneumonia due to oral potassium permanganate or inhalation of high concentration manganese oxide smoke. Chronic manganese poisoning is mainly seen in workers who inhale manganese smoke for a long time. The clinical manifestations are mainly extrapyramidal nervous system symptoms, neurobehavioral dysfunction and mental disorders. Those who are more exposed to manganese include manganese ore mining and smelting, manganese electrode manufacturing, welding and wind-cut manganese alloys, and industrial workers who manufacture and apply manganese dioxide, permanganates and other manganese compounds.