Globulin abnormalities

Most of the immunoglobulins in human plasma are present in gamma globulin (γ-globulin). Can be divided into five categories, namely immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin D (IgD) and immunoglobulin E (IgE). Among them, IgG is the most important immunoglobulin, accounting for about 70 of human plasma gamma globulin, a molecular weight of about 150,000, and sugars 2-3. The IgG molecule consists of 4 peptide chains. The peptide chain with a molecular weight of 25,000 is called a light chain, and the peptide chain with a molecular weight of 50,000 is called a heavy chain. The light and heavy chains are connected by a disulfide bond (—S—S—). Immune globulin is produced after the body is stimulated by an antigen (such as a pathogen). Its main role is to react with the antigen to generate an antigen-antibody complex, thereby blocking the pathogen's harm to the body and causing the pathogen to lose its pathogenic effect. On the other hand, immunoglobulins are sometimes pathogenic. In chronic hepatitis B patients, the long-term white and bulb ratios are inverted and alert to signs of liver cirrhosis.