Myelodysplastic syndrome

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a group of heterogeneous clonal disorders originating from hematopoietic myeloid stem cells or pluripotent stem cells. The basic lesions are clonal hematopoietic stem and dysplasia. Lead to an increased risk of ineffective hematopoiesis and malignant transformation. The main features are ineffective hematopoietic and high-risk evolution into acute myeloid leukemia, with clinical manifestations of varying degrees of qualitative and quantitative changes in hematopoietic cells. The incidence of MDS is about 10 / 100,000 to 12 / 100,000 people, and it affects middle-aged and elderly people, with 50% to 70% of cases over 50 years old, and the ratio of male to female is 2: 1. 30% to 60% of MDS is transformed into leukemia. Except for leukemia, most of the deaths are due to infection, bleeding, especially intracranial bleeding.