Proliferative periostitis

Periosteum is composed of dense connective tissue, which covers the bone surface other than the articular surface, and many fiber bundles extend into the bone. In addition, tendons and ligaments attached to bone are woven with periosteum. Therefore, the periosteum and bone are very tightly combined. Periosteum is rich in blood vessels and nerves, and is distributed in bone and bone marrow through bone nourishing holes. The bone marrow cavity and the bone cancellous mesh are also lined with a thin layer of connective tissue membrane called endosteum. The inner layer of the periosteum and the endosteal membrane have the ability to differentiate into osteocytes and osteoclasts to form new Bone quality and destruction and transformation of the bone that has been generated are of great significance to the occurrence, growth, and repair of bone. In childhood, osteoblasts in the periosteum can continuously generate new bone tissue, thicken the surface of the bone, make the bone thicker, and heal after the fracture—regeneration of bone, also rely on osteoblasts. If the periosteum is stripped too much during surgery, bone nutrition and regeneration will be impeded, affecting the healing of the fracture end, and even causing bone necrosis. In the elderly, the periosteum is thinner, and the differentiation ability of osteoblasts and osteoclasts is weakened, so the bone repair function is reduced.