Wegener's granulomatous scleritis

Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a systemic disease of unknown etiology, characterized by granulomatous inflammation of the upper and lower respiratory tract, necrotizing vasculitis, and nephritis. Can be divided into complete, restrictive and highly restrictive 3 types. In addition to acute outbreak and systemic disseminated complete disease forms, there are also limited concealed disease forms known as primary or localized WG. Restricted WGs can invade the respiratory tract and kidneys. Hemorrhagic rhinitis, sinusitis, otitis media, oral ulcers, nasolacrimal duct obstruction, orbital lesions, conjunctivitis, keratitis, scleritis, and uveitis can also occur. The pathological manifestations were necrotizing inflammatory granulomas and vasculitis involving the tissues. Foster et al.'S study showed that highly restrictive WG has only ocular and orbital lesions, and its diagnosis relies on the results of histopathological examination and positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA).