Diabetic retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most important manifestation of diabetic microangiopathy. It is a ocular fundus lesion with specific changes. It is one of the serious complications of diabetes. According to whether retinal neovascularization occurs clinically, A sign that diabetic retinopathy without retinal neovascularization is called nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) (or simply or background type), and diabetic retina with retinal neovascularization The lesion is called proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Diabetes can cause two types of retinopathy-proliferative and non-proliferative retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is one of the main causes of blindness. Diabetic retinopathy can occur with or without insulin therapy. Diabetic damage to the retina is mainly due to increased blood sugar, thickened walls of small blood vessels, and increased permeability, making small blood vessels easier to deform and leak. The severity of diabetic retinopathy and the degree of vision loss are related to the control of blood glucose levels and the duration of diabetes. The length of illness is particularly important, and diabetic retinopathy usually occurs after at least 10 years of diabetes.