Traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage

Traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage is caused by open head injury. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage at the base of the skull can be divided into three types: nasal leakage, ear leakage, and eye leakage. The former two are more common. 1. Nasal leaks are mostly caused by sieve plate fractures, posterior frontal sinus wall fractures, and a few are caused by sphenoid sinus fractures. Occasionally, fractures of the rock bone did not break the tympanic membrane, and the cerebrospinal fluid flowed into the nasal cavity through the eustachian tube. 2. Ear leaks are more commonly caused by fractures of the rock bone tympanic cap. The dura mater can be found at the base of the middle cranial fossa or the posterior cranial fossa. The former is more common. Mostly associated with tympanic membrane rupture, cerebrospinal fluid flows from the external ear canal through the middle ear. 3. Eye leaks are seen in perforation injuries of the orbital roof or comminuted fractures of the orbital roof puncture the dura mater with intraorbital and eyelid laceration.