Pediatric ureter prolapse

Ureterocele is a congenital developmental abnormality. It is caused by congenital stenosis or functional contracture of the ureteral orifice and dysplasia of the ureter wall, which causes a bulge in the lower layers of the ureter into the bladder. Therefore, the bulged outer layer is the bladder mucosa, and the inner layer is the ureteral mucosa, with a thin ureteric muscle layer in between. The disease is often caused by urinary tract obstruction and urinary tract infection, and calculus may be complicated by calculus.