Somatostatin

Somatostatinoma is a tumor derived from islet D cells. Because the tumor releases a large amount of somatostatin (SS), it causes a combination of fatty diarrhea, diabetes, hypoacidity, and cholelithiasis, also known as somatostatin syndrome. Somatostatin is a peptide consisting of 14 amino acids. It was first isolated from rat hypothalamus in 1968 and was found to inhibit the release of growth hormone. It was named Somatotropin Release. -Inhibiting Factor (SRIF). It has now been found that somatostatin is present in the hypothalamus, pancreatic D cells, stomach, duodenum and small intestine, and can widely inhibit the release of various peptides. Therefore, this hormone can not only inhibit endocrine and exocrine secretion, but also inhibit intestinal peristalsis and gallbladder contraction, so it is also known as inhibitory hormone. In 1977, Ganda and Larsson first described somatostatinoma independently in their own reports. Krejs comprehensively described the clinical characteristics of the disease in 1979. Somatostatinoma is one of the rarest functional endocrine tumors. So far, there are not 50 cases in foreign countries, and no reports have been reported in China. The onset of this disease is older, ranging from 26 to 84 years old, with an average age of 51 years. Male and female patients are almost equal.