pyrimethamine poisoning
Introduction
Introduction to pyrimethamine poisoning Pyrimethamine is a widely used antimalarial drug. Because of its high toxicity, a small range between therapeutic amount and poisoning amount, and high accumulation, it may lead to pyrimethamine poisoning due to overdose or long-term application. Pyrimethaminepoisoning). When the oral administration of this product reaches 4 to 5 times of the normal dosage, acute poisoning can occur. The medicine is slightly fragrant and slightly sweet, and the child may mistakenly eat a large amount of candy. Children can be killed by taking 25mg per year. This product can be transmitted through the placental barrier and secreted by the breast. Mothers have a large number of adverse effects on the fetus and the baby. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.0004% - 0.0007% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: dizziness, ataxia, coma
Cause
Cause of pyrimethamine poisoning
Poisoning is caused by long-term medication or a large amount of misuse.
Prevention
Pyrimethamine poisoning prevention
Infants, renal insufficiency, epilepsy and folic acid deficiency, should not use this medicine, the taste of this medicine is slightly sweet, be careful not to be poisoned by children mistakenly eating candy.
Complication
Pyrimidine poisoning complications Complications, dizziness, ataxia, coma
Severe patients may have dizziness, blurred vision, citrus, heart palpitations, ataxia, limb tremors, repeated convulsions, coma, tachycardia, slow or arrhythmia, often due to paroxysmal generalized spasm and breathing, circulatory failure And died within 3-6 hours.
Symptom
Pyrimethamine poisoning symptoms Common symptoms Nausea diarrhea Abdominal pain convulsions Powerless vertigo Irritability Uneasy high fever Four limbs tremor hairpin
Symptoms of acute poisoning often appear 30 minutes to 6 hours after taking the drug. Mild nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache, irritability, occasional erythematous rash, frequent urination; severe dizziness, blurred vision, cyanosis, total Disorders, tremors of the limbs, repeated convulsions, tachycardia, slow or arrhythmia, jaundice, hemorrhage, anemia, etc., may die from paroxysmal systemic sputum and respiratory and circulatory failure, some patients suddenly convulsions, coma , high fever, bruising and other critical illnesses.
Long-term application of therapeutic doses can lead to weakness, loss of appetite, inflammation of the mouth and gastrointestinal tract, white blood cells, platelets and whole blood cells, megaloblastic anemia, and damage to the liver, lymph nodes, adrenal cortex, bone marrow and renal pelvis.
Examine
Examination of pyrimethamine poisoning
During the treatment of this class of drugs, blood routine, liver function, urine routine examination, etc. should be performed regularly, including leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, whole blood cell reduction, megaloblastic anemia or whole blood cell reduction, vomit and blood. The extension has a poison.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of pyrimethamine poisoning
According to the medical history, clinical manifestations and laboratory data is not difficult to make a diagnosis.
Need to be differentiated from other antimalarial drugs.
