Flat flap transplantation

Flat flaps are traditionally called simple flaps or open flaps. The flaps are transplanted in a flat form, requiring only one pedicle as usual, and occasionally double pedicles. The ratio of the length and width of the flap cannot generally exceed 1.5: 1. However, the ratio of the length and width of the skin flap with axiovascular in the area with rich blood flow or cutting can be enlarged. In calves with poor blood flow, the length-to-width ratio should be 1: 1; otherwise, blood flow disorders may occur. The size of the flap can be selected according to the specific conditions of the repair site. The direction of the flap should be designed according to the direction of the blood vessel. The pedicle should point to the proximal end of the blood vessel. The donor site wound can be sutured directly or closed with a medium-thickness skin graft [Figure 1].