Cystic mass

Carcinoma of kidney, also known as renal cell carcinoma, originates from renal tubular epithelial cells and can occur in any part of the parenchyma of the kidney, but it is more common in the upper and lower levels, and a few invades the whole kidney; the incidence of left and right kidneys is equal, both Lateral lesions accounted for 1% to 2%. Giant examination: The appearance of the tumor is an irregular round or oval mass with a layer of fibrous encapsulation; the blood supply is abundant, the blood vessels are swollen, and there are hyperemia and bleeding areas. The color of the tumor is related to the number of blood vessels, the lipid content in the cancer cells, and bleeding and necrosis. Generally speaking, the active growth area is white, the transparent cells are yellow, and the granule cells or undifferentiated cells are gray. The dark red or red areas are old or fresh bleeding areas, respectively, often with cystic changes, central necrosis, hematomas, or irregular calcifications. Microscopic examination: The types of cancer cells are mainly clear cell carcinoma, granular cell carcinoma, and undifferentiated cancer, among which clear cell carcinoma is the most common. Clear cell carcinomas are large in size, with clear edges and polygonal shapes, small and uniform nuclei, and deep staining; the mass of the cells is mostly transparent. The cells are often arranged in a sheet, papillary, or tubular shape. Granular cells are round, polygonal, or irregular in shape, dark; the cytoplasm is filled with fine particles, and the cell mass is small; the nucleus is slightly stained. There is also a more malignant type of kidney cancer. Its cells are spindle-shaped, have larger or different nuclei, have more mitotic figures, and have a sarcoma-like structure, which is called undifferentiated cancer.