Urinary tract stones

Urinary stones are one of the most common urological diseases. More men than women, about 4 to 5: 1. The formation mechanism is not fully elucidated, and there are multiple theories. Recurrence rate is high. There is no ideal way to prevent most stones. There are regional onsets of urolithiasis. It is more common in the south of the Yangtze River in China. The north is relatively rare. In the past three decades, the incidence of stones in the upper urinary tract (kidney, ureter) in China has increased significantly, and the stones in the lower urinary tract (bladder) have become increasingly rare. Among bladder stones, primary stones are significantly less than secondary stones. In the past ten years, the treatment of urinary tract stones has developed rapidly. About 90% of urinary tract stones can no longer be treated with traditional open surgery.