Changes in pulsations or waveforms

The so-called peripheral vascular sign refers to changes in the pulsation or waveform of blood vessels that are found when examining surrounding blood vessels under certain disease conditions. Common clinical signs of peripheral blood vessels have the following manifestations: 1. Capillary pulsation syndrome (capillary pulsation syndrome) gently press the end of the patient's finger bed with a finger, or gently press the mouth and lip membrane with a clean glass, as seen Red and white rhythmic microvascular pulse phenomenon is called capillary pulsation sign. 2, water hammer pulse (water hammer pulse) Water pulse is also called sinking pulse, speed pulse or Corrigan pulse. During the examination, the patient's arms were raised above his head and the palms of his hands were gripped tightly. The patient's burning arteries pulsed suddenly and rapidly, and he felt rapid and powerful, which is called edema pulse. 3. Alternating pulses (pulsus alternans) are pulses with normal rhythm and alternating strength and weakness, which is a manifestation of myocardial damage. 4. Dicrotic pulse The normal pulse wave has a repeated rising pulse wave during its falling period, but it is lower than the first wave and cannot be touched. In some pathological conditions, this wave increases and can be touched, which is called heavy pulse, that is, one systole can touch two pulse pulses. 5, the odd pulse (paradoxical pulse) when the pulse significantly weakened or even disappeared phenomenon is called odd pulse. Insignificant odd pulses can only be found when auscultating blood pressure, that is, the pulse sound originally heard weakened or disappeared during inhalation, or the systolic blood pressure decreased by more than 1.33 kPa during the inspiratory phase compared with the exhaled phase. 6, Bounding pulse (Bounding pulse) refers to a pulse with a normal shape and a large amplitude. It can be found when palpating blood vessels that the pulse is strong and large. 7, small pulse (small pulse) refers to a pulse with a normal shape and small amplitude, which is just the opposite of the Hong pulse. The pulse is weak and small when palpated. It is also called thready pulse. 8. When the pistol shot sound is normal, two sounds equivalent to the first heart sound and the second heart sound can be heard in the carotid artery or subclavian artery, but not in other arteries. Under pathological conditions, place the chestpiece of the stethoscope lightly on the patient's cerebral artery or femoral artery. You can hear the sound of "click, click", which is called gunshot. 9. Duroziez double sound The chest piece of the stethoscope is placed on the root of the femoral artery of the patient. Hears the double sounds of contraction and echo that appear with the heart contraction, which is called Duroziez double sound.