Mediastinal tumor

The mediastinum is located between the lungs on both sides, with the sternum and thoracic spine as the anterior and posterior boundaries. There are many important organs in it, including large blood vessels, trachea, main bronchus, pericardium, esophagus, thymus and a large amount of fat, nerves and lymphatic vessels. Due to abnormal congenital development or acquired cysts or tumors, they become mediastinal tumors. There are many types of tumors in the mediastinum, including primary and metastatic tumors. Benign tumors are more common in primary tumors, but a significant proportion are malignant. In order to mark the location of the lesion on the mediastinum, the mediastinum can be divided into several parts. The level of the sternum and the lower edge of the 4th thoracic vertebra is divided into upper and lower parts. The mediastinal space containing many important organs is called "internal organ mediastinum" (middle Mediastinum), the space between the right trachea and the pericardium is the anterior mediastinum; the back of the trachea and the pericardium (including the esophagus and the paraspinal mediastinum) is called the posterior mediastinum. According to domestic statistics, the incidence of mediastinal tumors is the first in neurogenic tumors, followed by teratoids, thymic tumors and thyroid tumors, with the least variety of cystic tumors.