Ocular toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic parasitic protozoan disease distributed worldwide, and its pathogen is toxoplasma gondii. Protozoa are intracellular parasites, felines are their terminal hosts, and humans and other mammals are intermediate hosts. Congenital toxoplasmosis is caused by fetal infection through the human placenta, and acquired acquired toxoplasmosis can also be caused by the digestive tract, damaged skin and mucous membranes, and blood transfusion or organ transplant infection. Congenital toxoplasmosis is one of the most serious diseases in human congenital infections, with a high mortality rate, mainly manifested as deformed children, low growth and development, ocular encephalopathy and so on. Acquired toxoplasmosis is milder and has a lower mortality rate, but its clinical manifestations are complex and often atypical, mainly involving lymph nodes, central nerves, and heart organs. Toxoplasmosis is also a common cause of potentially blinding eye disease. Retinal choroiditis is the most common eye disease caused by toxoplasma infection. In Europe and the United States, toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis accounts for about 30% to 50% of all uveitis, and in some places it is as high as 60%. It is now the first place in uveitis with clear causes. In China, someone first isolated Toxoplasma in Fujian cats and rabbits in 1957. One author reported in Jiangxi a case of a 1 1 / 2-year-old child. In addition to mental retardation and epilepsy, there were small eyes, nystagmus, and pupillary atresia in one eye. On the other side of the optic disc, the surface of the optic disc exuded, and there was a raised lesion on the inside, bleeding on the edge, and a plaque on the macula. Toxoplasma isolated from mice inoculated with cerebrospinal fluid was the first case report of Toxoplasma in China. Subsequently, reports were reported in Guangdong, Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Hebei and other places.