Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea

The hypothalamus is an important reproductive organ. The hypothalamus regulates the function of the pituitary gland through nerve conduction and the pituitary-portal system, so that the pituitary gland secretes the corresponding hormones. These hormones act on the ovaries and produce steroid hormones to ensure the normal maintenance of reproductive functions. On the one hand, the function of the hypothalamus is stimulated by central nervous cells to regulate the secretion of pituitary hormones; on the other hand, it is regulated by the negative feedback of hormones secreted by the pituitary. Neuroendocrine cells in the arcuate nucleus of the central hypothalamic process release GnRH in a pulsed manner. Stress, strenuous exercise, and hypothalamic tumors can cause abnormal GnRH secretion, leading to anovulation and amenorrhea.