Pediatric primary bladder ureteral reflux

Vesioureteral reflux (VUR) in children refers to the reverse flow of urine from the bladder into the ureter and pelvis due to abnormalities in the bladder ureter connection. Primary VUR is caused by a congenital abnormality of the bladder ureteral junction, without any underlying neuromuscular disease or obstruction. Urinary bladder reflux is divided into two types: primary and secondary. The former is congenital hypoplasty of valve function, and the latter is secondary to lower urinary tract obstruction, such as posterior urethral valve and neurogenic bladder. There is a close relationship between bladder ureteral reflux and urinary tract infections and renal scarring, which can lead to hypertension and renal failure. In recent years, more and more domestic pediatricians have paid attention.