Ghost cell glaucoma

In 1976, Campbell et al. First reported that when vitreous hemorrhage and anterior chamber hemorrhage caused by contusion of the eyeballs, degenerated red blood cells are called blood cells, which block the trabecular meshwork and cause intraocular pressure to increase. glaucoma). Retinal vascular disease or ocular trauma often occurs with vitreous hemorrhage, but red blood cells from the bloodstream rarely reach the anterior chamber through the anterior glass membrane barrier. However, in some cases, during sudden eye trauma or surgery, especially after cataract extraction or vitrectomy, the anterior vitreous membrane is incomplete, and hemorrhagic substances can enter the anterior chamber, causing severe open-angle glaucoma. Fresh blood enters the vitreous body and starts to show a red color. As red blood cells gradually lose red hemoglobin and degenerate into ghost cells, it becomes light yellow-brown in 2 to 4 weeks, and its shape changes from a double concave disk shape to a spherical shape containing Heinz bodies. . Ghost cell glaucoma occurs most often within 3 to 4 weeks after the rupture of the glass membrane before the hemorrhage of the glass volume. Numerous small cells appear in the aqueous humor. The intraocular pressure rises as high as 30 to 70 mmHg, but the angle of the chamber is open. The main characteristics of this disease are: ① blood cells from various types of vitreous hemorrhage, anterior chamber hemorrhage, or cases where vitreous and anterior chamber hemorrhage coexist. Including ocular trauma, surgery and intraocular hemorrhagic diseases. ② Anterior vitreous membrane rupture is a prerequisite for blood cells to enter the anterior chamber. ③ Haemocytic cells in the anterior chamber have unusual rheological characteristics. When a certain number is reached in the anterior chamber, the trabecular meshwork can be mechanically blocked, thereby causing an open-angle glaucoma with an elevated intraocular pressure.