Acute cavernous sinus embolism phlebitis

The cavernous sinus is located on both sides of the sphenoid body. The sinus is divided into sponges by fiber strands, so it is called cavernous sinus. Cavernous sinus is a venous sinus that receives facial, orbital, and nasal venous blood. It also receives blood flow from the brain and meninges, and communicates with the pteric venous plexus. Cavernous sinus blood flows into the internal jugular vein through the superior and inferior petrosal sinuses. Inside the cavernous sinus, there are internal carotid arteries, sympathetic nerves, and abductor nerves, and on the outer side wall there are oculomotor nerves, pulley nerves, and trigeminal nerve branches. Due to its anatomical characteristics, cavernous sinus lesions are mainly manifested as ocular symptoms. Acute cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis is a severe suppurative cavernous sinus inflammation. Without timely treatment, the mortality rate is extremely high. Duncan's first autopsy confirmed the presence of suppurative otitis media, exophthalmos, and cavernous sinus suppurative lesions. Bright first described the ocular characteristics of the disease in detail.