Congenital preauricular fistula

Congenital preauricular fistula (congenital preauricular fistula) is a clinically common congenital external ear disease. It is a remnant of incomplete fusion during the development of the auricle primordium of the first and second cheek arches. The genetic feature is an autosomal dominant inheritance. The opening of the fistula is mostly located in front of the ears, and a few can be in the triangular socket of the auricle or the ear cavity. Congenital preauricular fistula is divided into simple type, infectious type and secretory type. Generally asymptomatic. When pressing, there may be a little thin mucus or milky white sebaceous material overflowing from the fistula, local itching and discomfort. Asymptomatic or asymptomatic patients may not be treated. Local pruritus and exudates should be surgically removed. Surgery can be performed under local anesthesia with 1% Nufcaine, and under general anesthesia in children. During the operation, probes can be used for guidance or blunt needles can be used to inject methylene blue or nail purple solution into the fistula as a sign. In this method, the injection should not be too much. After the injection, slightly rub the pressure to remove excess dye. Wipe clean to avoid contamination. During the operation, a fusiform incision can be made at the fistula, extending in the direction of the ears, and separated along the direction of the fistula until the ends of the branches are exposed. If inflammatory granulation tissue can be removed together, the wound should be coated with iodine and the skin defect is too large. After the granulation is scraped, the skin can be transplanted or the dressing can be changed every day, and the wound will heal in two stages.