Cardiac output

Cardiac blood output (CO) is one of the most important basic indicators for understanding circulatory function in the clinic. CO refers to the blood volume that the heart pumps blood to the surrounding circulation every minute. It can reflect the functional status of the entire circulatory system, including the mechanical work of the heart and the Hemodynamics, understanding of pre and post load, heart rate and myocardial contractility. In anesthesia and ICU, CO is often used for the monitoring of critically ill patients and those with hemodynamic instability to guide patients' treatment and observe the progress of the disease.