p53 protein

The p53 gene is a tumor suppressor gene, which is located on human chromosome 17p13.1 and encodes a 53kD nuclear phosphorylated protein composed of 393 amino acids, which is called p53 protein. The p53 gene is a negative regulator in the cell growth cycle and is related to important biological functions such as cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. The p53 gene is divided into two types: wild-type and mutant. The products are also wild-type and mutant. Wild-type p53 protein is extremely unstable, has a half-life of only a few minutes, and has transactivation and broad-spectrum tumor suppression. The mutant p53 protein has increased stability and prolonged half-life, and can be detected by immunohistochemical methods. Mutation (deletion) of p53 gene is a common event in human tumors, which is related to the occurrence and development of tumors. It is generally believed that p53 overexpression is associated with tumor metastasis, recurrence, and poor prognosis.