Proteinuria

When the protein content of urine increases, it can be detected by routine urine tests, which is called proteinuria. If the urine protein content is ≥3.5g / 24h, it is called a large amount of proteinuria. Proteinuria glomerular structure diagram Under normal circumstances, due to the filtering effect of the glomerular filtration membrane and the reabsorption of renal tubules, the content of protein (mostly proteins with small molecular weight) in the urine of healthy people is very small ( The daily discharge is less than 150 mg), and a negative reaction was found during qualitative protein inspection. In pathological conditions, such as those with kidney disease, the filtration effect of the filtration membrane will change. One of the typical diagnostic criteria for chronic nephritis, purpuric nephritis, lupus nephritis, and diabetic nephropathy is that during routine urine tests, proteinuria and hematuria are abnormal at the same time, and kidney disease is highly suspected. There is very little protein in normal urine, which does not exceed 7 ~ 10mg / 24h, which cannot be detected by ordinary urine routine examination. Rupture, damage to the charge barrier, enhanced renal permeability, and reduction or disappearance of negatively charged glycoproteins on the filtration membrane will all lead to a significant increase in negatively charged plasma protein filtration excess than normal. Therefore, proteinuria is formed clinically at this stage.