Portal collateral circulation

In cirrhosis, the portal vein pressure increases. When the blood pressure exceeds 200 mm of water column, the circulatory blood of the normal digestive organs and spleen is blocked from flowing through the liver, resulting in the establishment of portal-systemic collateral circulation between many parts of the portal vein system and the vena cava. Due to portal hypertension of liver cirrhosis, the normal hepatic portal vein is blocked, and the blood enters the vena cava system through the anastomosis. Due to the small veins at the anastomosis, the blood flow will increase and the varicose veins will become varicose. Once the rupture can cause major bleeding, such as vomiting, blood in the stool, and around the umbilicus You will see varicose veins and so on. Cirrhosis is a common chronic liver disease that is caused by long-term or repetitive effects of one or more causes, causing diffuse liver damage. In pathological histopathology, extensive hepatocyte degeneration, necrosis, regeneration and nodule formation, connective tissue hyperplasia and fibrous septum formation, leading to the destruction of liver leaflet structure and pseudolobule formation, the liver gradually deforms, hardens and develops into cirrhosis . In the early clinical stage, due to the strong liver compensation function, there may be no obvious symptoms; in the later stage, there are multiple system involvements, with liver function impairment and portal hypertension as the main manifestations, and gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, secondary infection, Serious complications such as canceration.