Islet cell carcinoid

Pancreatic islet cell carcinoid (Carcinoid) is a tumor originated from EC cells. It has the function of secreting serotonin (5-HT) or 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and other hormones. Some patients may appear clinically. Carcinoid syndrome is a low-grade, slow-growing malignant tumor. As early as 1907, Oberndorfer first proposed carcinoid as a slow-growing intestinal adenocarcinoma, and proposed the term carcinoid. Lembeck discovered serotonin in carcinoid tissues in 1953 and is a bioactive substance that causes carcinoid syndrome. Williams divides carcinoids into three types: foregut, midgut, and hindgut. The foregut carcinoid secretes 5-HT, 5-HTP, vasoactive intestinal peptides, and peptide hormones to produce atypical carcinoid syndrome; Carcinomas such as appendix carcinoids secrete 5-HT, which has a typical carcinoid syndrome; but hind intestinal carcinoids are mostly non-functional. Pancreatic islet cell carcinoids are different from midgut carcinoids. Carcinoid syndrome does not necessarily indicate liver metastases.